Statistics MSc

This is the first of two 'core' modules students studying on statistics MScs. The aim of this module is to prepare statisticians for the workplace, equipping them with essential statistical modelling, computing and professional skills. The module includes the study of linear and generalised linear modelling, and data analysis using the programming language R.

This module develops the Bayesian approach to statistical inference. The Bayesian method is fundamentally different to the approach taken in earlier statistics courses. It is a more general and more powerful approach, and it is widely used, but it relies on modern computers for much of its implementation. It is based on the idea that if we take a (random) statistical model, and condition this model on the event that it generated the data that we actually observed, then we will obtain a better model. This course covers the foundations of Bayesian statistics and the incorporation of prior beliefs, as well as computational tools for practical inference problems, specifically Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Gibbs sampling. Computational methods will be implemented using R and Python. Advanced computational techniques will be explored, in the second semester, using STAN.

Machine learning lies at the interface between computer science and statistics. The aims of machine learning are to develop a set of tools for modelling and understanding complex data sets. It is an area developed recently in parallel between statistics and computer science. With the explosion of 'Big Data', statistical machine learning has become important in many fields, such as marketing, finance and business, as well as in science. The module focuses on the problem of training models to learn from training data to classify new examples of data.

Whereas most statistics modules are concerned with the analysis of data, this module is focussed on the collection of data. In particular, this module considers how to collect data efficiently: how to ensure the quantities of interest can be estimated sufficiently accurately, using the smallest possible sample size. Three settings are considered: sample surveys (for example when conducting an opinion poll), physical experiments, as may be used in industry, and experiments involving predictions from computer models, where there is uncertainty in the computer model prediction.

This module considers the analysis of data in which the same quantity is observed repeatedly over time (e.g., recordings of the daily maximum temperature in a particular city, measured over months or years). Analysis of such data typically requires specialised methods, which account for the fact that successive observations are likely to be related. Various statistical models for analysing such data will be presented, as well as how to implement them using the programming language R.

This module introduces an important application of statistics: medical research, specifically, the design and analysis of clinical trials. For any new drug to be approved by a regulator (such as the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the UK) for use on patients, the effectiveness of the drug has to be demonstrated in a clinical trial. This module explains how clinical trials are designed and how statistical methods are used to analyse the results, with a particular focus on 'survival' or 'time-to-event' analysis.

The dissertation is an extensive study giving the student the opportunity to synthesise theoretical knowledge with practical skills and giving experience of the phases of a relatively large piece of work: planning to a deadline; researching background information; acquisition and validation of data; problem specification; the carrying through of relevant analyses; and reporting, both at length through the dissertation and in summary, through, for example, a poster display. Most dissertations involve the investigation of a data set, entailing both a description of the relevant background and a report on the data analysis.

The module is about core technologies underpinning modern artificial intelligence. The module will introduce statistical machine learning and probabilistic modelling and their application to describing real-world phenomena. The module will give students a grounding in modern state-of-the-art algorithms that allow modern computer systems to learn from data. It has a considerable focus on the mathematical underpinnings of key ML approaches, requiring some knowledge of linear algebra, differentiation and probability.

All of our lives are affected by machine intelligence and data models - Google is a very visible example. But if you are a victim of identity theft, if you want a loan to buy a house or if you want to pass through immigration at an airport, a model derived from data using some form of machine learning technique will be involved.
Engineers increasingly look to machine intelligence techniques such as neural networks and other machine learning methods to solve problems that are not amenable to conventional analysis e.g. by application of Newton's and Kirchhoff's laws, and other physical principles. Instead they use measurements of system variables to compute a model of the process that can then be used in design, analysis and forecasting. System identification is a specific example of data modelling.
We will look at the underlying principles of machine learning, the advantages and limitations of the various approaches and effective ways of applying them with the aim of making you a competent practitioner.

This unit provides detailed presentations on the use of numerical optimisation and search methods for a wide range of engineering problems. Traditional approaches drawn from Operations Research will be enhanced by topics based on recent developments in heuristic methods, such as evolutionary computing, e.g. genetic algorithms and swarm intelligence.

This module introduces the basic principles of economic evaluation as applied to healthcare interventions.  The course introduces the concept of economic evaluation, the different types that are available and the various stages and techniques that need to be applied to generate results.  Current practice guidelines will be described so that students can understand the current policy context of the methods.  Also, as alternative techniques are described, their strengths and weaknesses will be highlighted, with the students being encouraged to critically appraise their appropriateness to different contexts.

Epidemiology is the discipline underpinning both effective public health practice and research into the causes, control and prevention of disease. Knowledge and understanding of epidemiological concepts and methods is a basic requirement for effective public health practice.

This module will provide an introduction to epidemiology covering key epidemiological concepts; measures of disease; association and causation; confounding and bias. It will also introduce research designs including cross-sectional, ecological, cohort, case-control and intervention studies and introduce population health measures such as screening.

On completing the module students will be expected to be able to: understand a range of qualitative research approaches, data collection methods and forms of analysis; plan and undertake a simple analysis of student-generated qualitative data; critically appraise the methods and results of qualitative research.

To familiarise students with principles of systematic reviews and critical appraisal and the acquisition of skills necessary to undertake such work. The unit includes an introduction to information systems; principles of systematic literature reviews and critical appraisal; search strategies; computer-assisted search methods; practicalities of writing up the results of a systematic review; introduction to Meta- analysis; and dissemination of findings.

Machine learning lies at the interface between computer science and statistics. The aims of machine learning are to develop a set of tools for modelling and understanding complex data sets. It is an area developed recently in parallel between statistics and computer science. With the explosion of 'Big Data', statistical machine learning has become important in many fields, such as marketing, finance and business, as well as in science. The module focuses on the problem of training models to learn from training data to classify new examples of data.

This module considers the analysis of data in which the same quantity is observed repeatedly over time (e.g., recordings of the daily maximum temperature in a particular city, measured over months or years). Analysis of such data typically requires specialised methods, which account for the fact that successive observations are likely to be related. Various statistical models for analysing such data will be presented, as well as how to implement them using the programming language R.

This is the first of two 'core' modules students studying on statistics MScs. The aim of this module is to prepare statisticians for the workplace, equipping them with essential statistical modelling, computing and professional skills. The module includes the study of linear and generalised linear modelling, and data analysis using the programming language R.

This module , which is delivered online, provides the skills and knowledge required to conduct rapid assessments of the evidence base and then to apply these assessments to health management and/or clinical practice. It introduces and explains rapid review methodologies that seek to optimise the balance between rigour and relevance, ensuring the timely and judicious use of evidence that is both user sensitive and context dependent. This module will also address the growing demand for knowledge translation of research findings, specifically within the context of developing countries. A key feature is production of a culturally-sensitive action plan that takes into account local feasibility and implementation issues.

As one of the core disciplines of Public Health, epidemiology is concerned with the methods of studying health related states and events to control health problems. The module, which is delivered online, covers epidemiological measures, main study designs, screening and surveillance. The primary objective is to introduce students to the principles, tools and applications of epidemiology and to help develop their practical skills through a range of activities.

Whereas most statistics modules are concerned with the analysis of data, this module is focussed on the collection of data. In particular, this module considers how to collect data efficiently: how to ensure the quantities of interest can be estimated sufficiently accurately, using the smallest possible sample size. Three settings are considered: sample surveys (for example when conducting an opinion poll), physical experiments, as may be used in industry, and experiments involving predictions from computer models, where there is uncertainty in the computer model prediction.

This module develops the Bayesian approach to statistical inference. The Bayesian method is fundamentally different to the approach taken in earlier statistics courses. It is a more general and more powerful approach, and it is widely used, but it relies on modern computers for much of its implementation. It is based on the idea that if we take a (random) statistical model, and condition this model on the event that it generated the data that we actually observed, then we will obtain a better model. This course covers the foundations of Bayesian statistics and the incorporation of prior beliefs, as well as computational tools for practical inference problems, specifically Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Gibbs sampling. Computational methods will be implemented using R and Python. Advanced computational techniques will be explored, in the second semester, using STAN.

This module introduces an important application of statistics: medical research, specifically, the design and analysis of clinical trials. For any new drug to be approved by a regulator (such as the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the UK) for use on patients, the effectiveness of the drug has to be demonstrated in a clinical trial. This module explains how clinical trials are designed and how statistical methods are used to analyse the results, with a particular focus on 'survival' or 'time-to-event' analysis.

The dissertation is an extensive study giving the student the opportunity to synthesise theoretical knowledge with practical skills and giving experience of the phases of a relatively large piece of work: planning to a deadline; researching background information; acquisition and validation of data; problem specification; the carrying through of relevant analyses; and reporting, both at length through the dissertation and in summary, through, for example, a poster display. Most dissertations involve the investigation of a data set, entailing both a description of the relevant background and a report on the data analysis.

This is the first of two 'core' modules students studying on statistics MScs. The aim of this module is to prepare statisticians for the workplace, equipping them with essential statistical modelling, computing and professional skills. The module includes the study of linear and generalised linear modelling, and data analysis using the programming language R.

This module introduces an important application of statistics: medical research, specifically, the design and analysis of clinical trials. For any new drug to be approved by a regulator (such as the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency in the UK) for use on patients, the effectiveness of the drug has to be demonstrated in a clinical trial. This module explains how clinical trials are designed and how statistical methods are used to analyse the results, with a particular focus on 'survival' or 'time-to-event' analysis.

Whereas most statistics modules are concerned with the analysis of data, this module is focussed on the collection of data. In particular, this module considers how to collect data efficiently: how to ensure the quantities of interest can be estimated sufficiently accurately, using the smallest possible sample size. Three settings are considered: sample surveys (for example when conducting an opinion poll), physical experiments, as may be used in industry, and experiments involving predictions from computer models, where there is uncertainty in the computer model prediction.

This module develops the Bayesian approach to statistical inference. The Bayesian method is fundamentally different to the approach taken in earlier statistics courses. It is a more general and more powerful approach, and it is widely used, but it relies on modern computers for much of its implementation. It is based on the idea that if we take a (random) statistical model, and condition this model on the event that it generated the data that we actually observed, then we will obtain a better model. This course covers the foundations of Bayesian statistics and the incorporation of prior beliefs, as well as computational tools for practical inference problems, specifically Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Gibbs sampling. Computational methods will be implemented using R and Python. Advanced computational techniques will be explored, in the second semester, using STAN.

Machine learning lies at the interface between computer science and statistics. The aims of machine learning are to develop a set of tools for modelling and understanding complex data sets. It is an area developed recently in parallel between statistics and computer science. With the explosion of 'Big Data', statistical machine learning has become important in many fields, such as marketing, finance and business, as well as in science. The module focuses on the problem of training models to learn from training data to classify new examples of data.

This module considers the analysis of data in which the same quantity is observed repeatedly over time (e.g., recordings of the daily maximum temperature in a particular city, measured over months or years). Analysis of such data typically requires specialised methods, which account for the fact that successive observations are likely to be related. Various statistical models for analysing such data will be presented, as well as how to implement them using the programming language R.

The dissertation is an extensive study giving the student the opportunity to synthesise theoretical knowledge with practical skills and giving experience of the phases of a relatively large piece of work: planning to a deadline; researching background information; acquisition and validation of data; problem specification; the carrying through of relevant analyses; and reporting, both at length through the dissertation and in summary, through, for example, a poster display. Most dissertations involve the investigation of a data set, entailing both a description of the relevant background and a report on the data analysis.