The School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences has opened a new ultra-low temperature facility for dark matter and qubit research, providing a hub for students in the UK and expanding the scope of Sheffield’s quantum technology research. The University selected the ProteoxMX, a state-of-the-art dilution refrigerator and superconducting magnet manufactured by Oxford Instruments NanoScience for its Facility.
Funded by UK Research Councils (UKRI) through the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), it is the first closed cycle dilution refrigerator at the University of Sheffield.
The refrigerator will be utilised by the Quantum Sensors for the Hidden Sector (QSHS) collaboration, led by Professor Ed Daw.
The laboratory was officially opened in the School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences by Professors Ian Shipsey, Koen Lamberts and Ed Daw. The dilution refrigerator is allowing scientists to probe fundamental physics at the quantum level, search for dark matter, and nurture a new generation of young scientists in the North.
It's been really great seeing the fridge and magnet taking shape, and being installed. I look forward to many years of quantum physics here at Sheffield. We have already had our first visitors from the US using this facility, and have succeeded in cooling many kilograms of copper and stainless steel to 18mK, as well as maintaining this temperature in our apparatus in the magnetic field.
Professor Ed Daw
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
The ProteoxMX is well suited to dark matter detection research as it generates the ultra-low temperature environment needed to detect extremely weak dark matter signals. The University chose Oxford Instruments due to its combined expertise in cryogenics and magnets, developing and managing both technologies in-house to support successful integrations into lab environments.
As well as searching for axions, or dark matter particles, the research has implications in quantum instrumentation and quantum computing because the Proteox will be used to make precise measurements of the performance and properties of quantum electronics devices such as amplifiers, power sensors, and engineered two-state quantum systems called qubits.
Special guests including Sir Keith Burnett, Chair of the QSHS project Oversight Committee, joined colleagues for the opening and an inspiring talk delivered by Prof Ed Daw that explained how the facility will be at the forefront of quantum physics for years to come.
There will also be opportunities for PhD students and undergraduates to gain experience in ultra-low-temperature physics and the operation of dilution refrigerators, a skill highly relevant to growth areas in industries such as quantum instrumentation and quantum computing.
Matt Martin, Managing Director of Oxford Instruments NanoScience said, “We are excited to support Sheffield’s new ultra-low temperature facility. The overlapping dual track of qubit and dark matter research is an extremely promising field and a unique application for our technologies. With our in-house expertise in superconducting magnets and dilution refrigerator technologies we are ideally positioned to support dark matter and qubit researchers. We look forward to continuing our collaboration with Sheffield as its research endeavours continue.”
Angela Warren, Project Manager, said “The newly refurbished laboratory is now up and running and this apparatus will enable experiments that haven't been tried and tested before. It will open up more exciting opportunities ahead in the search for axions and in working towards solving problems in the search for hidden sector dark matter. We look forward to working with new and existing researchers, both in the UK and internationally.”
About Oxford Instruments Nanoscience
Oxford Instruments NanoScience designs, supplies and supports market-leading research tools that enable quantum technologies, new materials and device development in the physical sciences. Our tools support research down to the atomic scale through creation of high performance, cryogen-free low temperature and magnetic environments, based upon our core technologies in low and ultra-low temperatures, high magnetic fields and system integration, with ever-increasing levels of experimental and measurement readiness. Oxford Instruments NanoScience is a part of the Oxford Instruments plc group.