- Research collaboration involving the University of Sheffield proposes a set of measurements that can be used as a toolkit to assess bone, joint and muscle health
- New method will provide a consistent and holistic way to measure the gradual loss of function that everyone experiences as they get older
The composition of the body changes as we get older, as muscle strength and bone density decline – but the challenge to date has been distinguishing between the normal effects of ageing and the first signs of disease.
As a result, there has been limited consensus on appropriate biomarkers of normal ageing. This has led to an unreliable picture of musculoskeletal health in older people as bone, joints and muscle have been looked at in isolation, not as a complete system.
To address this, experts at the Medical Research Council-Arthritis UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA) – a collaboration between the University of Sheffield, Newcastle University and the University of Liverpool – have proposed a set of measurements that can be used as a toolkit to assess bone, joint and muscle health.
Publishing in the journal Age and Ageing today (7 September 2018), the CIMA team say that the new toolkit will provide a consistent and holistic way to measure the gradual loss of function that everyone experiences as they get older.
In particular, they recommend the use of two biomarkers to assess bone condition – PINP and CTX, which are both well-established indicators of bone turnover. High levels of these biomarkers are often associated with greater fracture risk and faster rates of bone loss, particularly in older women.
The toolkit also proposes reliable indicators of cartilage damage, muscle mass, body composition and assessment of functional capability.
The burden of musculoskeletal diseases on individuals and society is huge and increasing.
The ability to measure the impact of ageing and, equally importantly, of lifestyle and therapeutic interventions, on all of the tissues comprising the musculoskeletal system is an absolute necessity to make progress in this important area. The publication of the CIMA Toolkit provides a strong base from which this research can be developed.
Eugene McCloskey, Professor in Adult Bone Disease
University of Sheffield | Department of Oncology and Metabolism
The toolkit is a first step towards a comprehensive framework that could be used by researchers and clinicians – both with individuals as needed and, potentially, as part of a public health screening programme for older people.
Over time, this could identify parameters for normal musculoskeletal ageing according to gender and age. To aid this, the CIMA team say that the toolkit could be used earlier - when people are in their 50s and early 60s, before age-related disease or disability can occur – in order to get a better picture of how the musculoskeletal system ages.
We know that when older people have limited mobility or stop being active altogether it can have a significant, negative impact on their cardiovascular health, their neurological health and their quality of life overall, increasing the risk of disease. This new toolkit will help us better understand how well the whole musculoskeletal system functions as we age so that we can help people stay physically active and healthy for longer.
Professor John Mathers
Newcastle University | Institute for Ageing
Professor Graham Kemp, from the Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease at the University of Liverpool, added: “This toolkit is the first systematic effort to evaluate methods for assessing the effects of ageing in the bone, muscle, tendons and cartilage, and to make recommendations for practical use.”