Dr

Carl

Marincowitz

MB, BChir, MSc, PhD, FRCEM

School of Medicine and Population Health

Senior Clinical Lecturer

Co-Lead, Delivering Care Closer to Home Theme Yorkshire and Humber NIHR ARC

Honorary Consultant, Emergency Medicine Sheffield Teaching Hospitals

c.marincowitz@sheffield.ac.uk

Regent Court (ScHARR)

Full contact details

Dr Carl Marincowitz

School of Medicine and Population Health

Regent Court (ScHARR)

30 Regent Street

Sheffield

S1 4DA

Profile

I am an NIHR Advanced Fellow (NIHR303605, Understanding and addressing variation in Emergency Department attendances and inpatient admissions from care homes: a mixed methods study, £837,968), NHS Consultant in Emergency Medicine, and Co-Lead the Delivering Care Closer to Home Theme Yorkshire and Humber NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (Theme £1,399,499.26, ARC £11,556,593).

I have previously completed an NIHR Clinical Lectureship, an NIHR Doctoral Research Fellowship (DRF-2016-09-086, Guidelines for The Management of Traumatic Brain Injury: An Impact Assessment and Further Development, £325,595.76), and speciality training in Emergency Medicine.

I am a health services researcher who uses routinely collected healthcare data and mixed methods to evaluate and develop systems-based interventions in urgent, emergency, and wider health and social care. I have a clinical research interest in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Research interests

Routinely collected healthcare data
Systematic reviews
Quasi-experimental methods
Mixed methods
Prognostic modelling and risk prediction

Publications

Show: Featured publications All publications

Featured publications

Journal articles

Marincowitz C, Jacques R, Zwerger K, Martin G, Spilsbury K, Burton JK, Harrad-Hyde F, Price D, Lam E, Garrett HM & Mason S (2026) Identifying predictors and measuring variation in hospitalisation for older adult care home residents: a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected data. Age and Ageing, 55(5).
Carroll C, Kundakci B, Muhinyi A, Bastounis A, Jones K, Sutton A, Goodacre S, Marincowitz C & Booth A (2024) Scoping review of the effectiveness of 10 high-impact initiatives (HIIs) for recovering urgent and emergency care services. BMJ Open Quality, 13(3). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Stone T, Bath P, Campbell R, Turner JK, Hasan M, Pilbery R, Thomas BD, Sutton L, Bell F , Biggs K et al (2024) Accuracy of telephone triage for predicting adverse outcomes in suspected COVID-19: an observational cohort study. BMJ Quality and Safety, 33(6). View this article in WRRO
Chambers D, Cantrell A, Preston L, Marincowitz C, Wright L, Conroy S & Gordon AL (2023) Reducing unplanned hospital admissions from care homes: a systematic review. Health and Social Care Delivery Research, 11(18). View this article in WRRO
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Sutton L, Burnsall M, Lee E, Bradburn M, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K , Marincowitz C et al (2021) Derivation and validation of a clinical severity score for acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19: The PRIEST observational cohort study. PLoS ONE, 16(1). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Allgar V & Sheldon T (2019) Evaluation of the impact of the NICE head injury guidelines on inpatient mortality from traumatic brain injury: an interrupted time series analysis. BMJ Open, 9(6). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky FE, Townend W, Borakati A, Fabbri A & Sheldon TA (2018) The risk of deterioration in GCS13-15 patients with traumatic brain injury identified by computed tomography imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurotrauma, 35, 703-718. View this article in WRRO

All publications

Journal articles

Marincowitz C, Zwerger KE, Harrad-Hyde F, Garrett H, Lam E, Burton J, Reeve J, Mason SM, Spilsbury K, Price DB , Jacques RM et al (2026) Investigating differences in the implementation and experience of the Enhanced Health in Care Homes Framework in England: a qualitative protocol for the Understanding Variation in Admissions from Care Homes (UVAC) study. BMJ Open, 16(5), e112414-e112414.
Marincowitz C, Jacques R, Zwerger K, Martin G, Spilsbury K, Burton JK, Harrad-Hyde F, Price D, Lam E, Garrett HM & Mason S (2026) Identifying predictors and measuring variation in hospitalisation for older adult care home residents: a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected data. Age and Ageing, 55(5).
Jones K, Carroll C, Goodacre S, Marincowitz C, Sutton A, Bastounis A & Booth A (2025) Impact of same day emergency care services on urgent and emergency care delivery outcomes: a systematic review. Emergency Medicine Journal, 42(10), 643-651. View this article in WRRO
Carroll C, Kundakci B, Muhinyi A, Bastounis A, Jones K, Sutton A, Goodacre S, Marincowitz C & Booth A (2024) Scoping review of the effectiveness of 10 high-impact initiatives (HIIs) for recovering urgent and emergency care services. BMJ Open Quality, 13(3). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Hasan M, Omer Y, Hodkinson P, McAlpine D, Goodacre S, Bath PA, Fuller G, Sbaffi L & Wallis L (2024) Prognostic accuracy of eight triage scores in suspected COVID-19 in an Emergency Department low-income setting: an observational cohort study. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 14(1), 51-57. View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Stone T, Bath P, Campbell R, Turner JK, Hasan M, Pilbery R, Thomas BD, Sutton L, Bell F , Biggs K et al (2024) Accuracy of telephone triage for predicting adverse outcomes in suspected COVID-19: an observational cohort study. BMJ Quality and Safety, 33(6). View this article in WRRO
Chambers D, Cantrell A, Preston L, Marincowitz C, Wright L, Conroy S & Gordon AL (2023) Reducing unplanned hospital admissions from care homes: a systematic review. Health and Social Care Delivery Research, 11(18). View this article in WRRO
Fuller GW, Hasan M, Hodkinson P, McAlpine D, Goodacre S, Bath PA, Sbaffi L, Omer Y, Wallis L & Marincowitz C (2023) Training and testing of a gradient boosted machine learning model to predict adverse outcome in patients presenting to emergency departments with suspected covid-19 infection in a middle-income setting. PLOS Digital Health, 2(9). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Bouamra O, Coats T, Surendra Kumar D, Lockey D, Mason L, Newcombe V, Thompson J, Edwards A & Lecky F (2023) Major trauma presentations and patient outcomes in English hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational cohort study. PLOS Medicine, 20(6). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Hodkinson P, McAlpine D, Fuller G, Goodacre S, Bath P, Sbaffi L, Hasan M, Omer Y & Wallis L (2023) LMIC-PRIEST: Derivation and validation of a clinical severity score for acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19 in a middle-income setting. PLoS ONE, 18(6). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Sbaffi L, Hasan M, Hodkinson P, McAlpine D, Fuller G, Goodacre S, Bath P, Omer Y & Wallis L (2023) External validation of triage tools for adults with suspected COVID-19 in a middle-income setting: an observational cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 40(7), 509-517. View this article in WRRO
Watkins R, Marincowitz C, Locke T & Hunter S (2022) An Unusual cause of Endocarditis. BMJ Case Reports, 15(12), e249214-e249214.
Marincowitz C, Bouamra O, Coates T, Kumar D, Lockey D, Newcombe V, Mason L, Yates D, Thompson J & Lecky F (2022) 1427 The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on major trauma presentations and patient outcomes in English hospitals. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(12), A960.2-A964.
Marincowitz C, Preston L, Cantrell A, Tonkins M, Sabir L & Mason S (2022) What influences decisions to transfer older care-home residents to the emergency department? A synthesis of qualitative reviews. Age and Ageing, 51(11). View this article in WRRO
Hasan M, Bath PA, Marincowitz C, Sutton L, Pilbery R, Hopfgartner F, Mazumdar S, Campbell R, Stone T, Thomas B , Bell F et al (2022) Pre-hospital prediction of adverse outcomes in patients with suspected COVID-19 : development, application and comparison of machine learning and deep learning methods. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 151, Part A. View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Preston L, Cantrell A, Tonkins M, Sabir L & Mason S (2022) Factors associated with increased Emergency Department transfer in older long-term care residents: a systematic review. The Lancet Healthy Longevity, 3(6), e437-e447.
Marincowitz C, Stone T, Hasan M, Campbell R, Bath PA, Turner J, Pilbery R, Thomas BD, Sutton L, Bell F , Biggs K et al (2022) Accuracy of emergency medical service telephone triage of need for an ambulance response in suspected COVID-19 : an observational cohort study. BMJ Open, 12(5). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Bath P, Hasan M, Stone T, Campbell R, Pilberry R, Turner J, Thomas B & Goodacre S (2022) 965 Accuracy of emergency (999) telephone triage for predicting adverse outcomes in suspected COVID-19 : an observational cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(3). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Goodacre S, Stone T, Campbell R, Hasan M, Thomas B, Turner J, Pilberry R & Bell F (2022) 798 Accuracy of telephone triage for predicting adverse outcomes in suspected COVID-19 : an observational cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(3). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Sutton L, Stone T, Pilbery R, Campbell R, Thomas B, Turner J, Bath PA, Bell F, Biggs K , Hasan M et al (2022) Prognostic accuracy of triage tools for adults with suspected COVID-19 in a prehospital setting : an observational cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39, 317-324. View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Gravesteijn B, Sheldon T, Steyerberg E & Lecky F (2022) Performance of the Hull Salford Cambridge Decision Rule (HSC DR) for early discharge of patients with findings on CT scan of the brain : a CENTER-TBI validation study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(3), 213-219.
Marincowitz C, Paton L, Lecky F & Tiffin P (2022) Predicting need for hospital admission in patients with traumatic brain injury or skull fractures identified on CT imaging : a machine learning approach. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(5), 394-401.
Lecky FE, Otesile O, Marincowitz C, Majdan M, Nieboer D, Lingsma HF, Maegele M, Citerio G, Stocchetti N, Steyerberg EW , Menon DK et al (2021) The burden of traumatic brain injury from low-energy falls among patients from 18 countries in the CENTER-TBI Registry : a comparative cohort study. PLoS Medicine, 18(9). View this article in WRRO
Thomas B, Goodacre S, Lee E, Sutton L, Bursnall M, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K, Marincowitz C , Schutter J et al (2021) Prognostic accuracy of emergency department triage tools for adults with suspected COVID-19: the PRIEST observational cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 38(8), 587-593. View this article in WRRO
Shanahan TAG, Fuller GW, Sheldon T, Turton E, Quilty FMA & Marincowitz C (2021) External validation of the Dutch prediction model for prehospital triage of trauma patients in South West region of England, United Kingdom. Injury, 52(5), 1108-1116. View this article in WRRO
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Sutton L, Burnsall M, Lee E, Bradburn M, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K , Marincowitz C et al (2021) Derivation and validation of a clinical severity score for acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19: The PRIEST observational cohort study. PLoS ONE, 16(1). View this article in WRRO
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Lee E, Sutton L, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K, Marincowitz C, Schutter J , Connelly S et al (2021) Post-exertion oxygen saturation as a prognostic factor for adverse outcome in patients attending the emergency department with suspected COVID-19: a substudy of the PRIEST observational cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 38(2), 88-93. View this article in WRRO
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Lee E, Sutton L, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K, Marincowitz C, Schutter J , Connelly S et al (2020) Characterisation of 22445 patients attending UK emergency departments with suspected COVID-19 infection : observational cohort study. PLoS ONE, 15(11). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Steyerberg E, Gravesteijn B, Sheldon T & Lecky F (2020) 59 Performance of the mTBI decision rule for early discharge of patients with findings on CT : a center-TBI validation study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 37(12), 824-825. View this article in WRRO
Nikolaidou T, Samuel NA, Marincowitz C, Fox DJ, Cleland JGF & Clark AL (2020) Electrocardiographic characteristics in patients with heart failure and normal ejection fraction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 25(1).
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Allgar V, Hutchinson PJ, Elbeltagi H, Johnson F, Quinn E, Tarantino S, Townend W, Kolias AG & Sheldon T (2019) Development of a clinical decision rule for the early safe discharge of patients with mild traumatic brain injury and findings on CT brain scan : a retrospective cohort study. Journal of Neurotrauma, 37(2), 324-333. View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Allgar V & Sheldon T (2019) Evaluation of the impact of the NICE head injury guidelines on inpatient mortality from traumatic brain injury: an interrupted time series analysis. BMJ Open, 9(6). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky FE, Morris E, Allgar V & Sheldon TA (2018) Impact of the SIGN head injury guidelines and NHS 4-hour emergency target on hospital admissions for head injury in Scotland: an interrupted times series.. BMJ Open, 8(12). View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky FE, Townend W, Allgar V, Fabbri A & Sheldon TA (2018) A protocol for the development of a prediction model in mild traumatic brain injury with CT scan abnormality: which patients are safe for discharge?. Diagnostic and Prognostic Research, 2. View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky FE, Townend W, Borakati A, Fabbri A & Sheldon TA (2018) The risk of deterioration in GCS13-15 patients with traumatic brain injury identified by computed tomography imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurotrauma, 35, 703-718. View this article in WRRO
Nikolaidou T, Johnson MJ, Ghosh JM, Marincowitz C, Shah S, Lammiman MJ, Schilling RJ & Clark AL (2018) Postmortem ICD interrogation in mode of death classification. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 29(4), 573-583.
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Townend W, Borakati A & Sheldon T (2017) 4 The risk of deterioration in CT identified mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Emergency Medicine Journal, 34(12), A862-A863.
Marincowitz C, Allgar V & Townend W (2016) CT head imaging in patients with head injury who present after 24 h of injury: a retrospective cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, 33(8), 538-542.
Marincowitz C, Smith CM & Townend W (2015) The risk of intra-cranial haemorrhage in those presenting late to the ED following a head injury: a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 4(1).
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Pandor A, Wong R, Shanahan T, Tonkins M, Singh R, Piercy J, Maas A & Wilson L () A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcome Trajectories from 3 to 12 Months Following Mild or Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma.
Mason S, Marincowitz C & Guthrie E () Urgent care for mental health in the NHS. BMJ, 390, r1782-r1782.

Conference proceedings

Marincowitz C, Sbaffi L, Hodkinson P, Mcalpine D, Hasan M, Fuller G, Goodacre S, Omer Y & Bath P (2022) 1482 Prognostic accuracy of triage tools for adults with suspected COVID-19 in a middle-income setting. Emergency Medicine Journal, Vol. 39(12) (pp A976-A977) View this article in WRRO
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Allgar V, Hutchinson P, Elbeltagi H, Johnson F, Quinn E, Tarantino S, Townend W & Kolias A (2019) 049 Development of a clinical decision rule for the early safe discharge of patients with mild traumatic brain injury and findings on CT brain scan: a retrospective cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal, Vol. 36(12) (pp 808-808)
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Allgar V & Sheldon T (2019) 016 An evaluation of the impact of the NICE head injury guidelines on inpatient mortality from traumatic brain injury: an interrupted time series analysis. Emergency Medicine Journal, Vol. 36(12) (pp 782-783)
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Townend W, Borakati A, Fabbri A & Sheldon T (2019) The Risk of Deterioration in GCS13-15 Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Identified by CT Imaging. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BRAIN INJURY, Vol. 33 (pp 68-68)
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Townend W, Allgar V, Fabbri A & Sheldon T (2019) The Development of a Prediction Model in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury with CT Scan Abnormality: Preliminary Findings of A Multi-Centre Cohort Study. BRAIN INJURY, Vol. 33 (pp 67-67)
Marincowitz C, Lecky F, Allgar V & Sheldon T (2019) The Impact of the NICE/SIGN Head Injury Guidelines on Deaths and Hospital Admissions in England and Scotland: An Interrupted Times Series. BRAIN INJURY, Vol. 33 (pp 67-68)

Posters

Jones K, Carroll C, Goodacre S, Marincowitz C, Sutton A, Bastounis A & Booth A (2025) The impact of Same Day Emergency Care (SDEC) services on urgent and emergency care delivery: key findings and limitations from a systematic review. HSR UK Conference 2025.

Other

Marincowitz C, Gravesteijn B, Sheldon T, Steyerberg E & Lecky F (2022) Response to performance of the Hull Salford Cambridge Decision Rule: the start of the traumatic brain injury (TBI) assessment and recovery journey. Emergency Medicine Journal, 39(11), 875.2-876.

Preprints

Marincowitz C, Hodkinson P, McAlpine D, Fuller G, Goodacre S, Bath PA, Sbaffi L, Hasan M, Omer Y & Wallis L (2022) LMIC-PRIEST: Derivation and validation of a clinical severity score for acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19 in a middle-income setting, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Marincowitz C, Sbaffi L, Hodkinson P, McAlpine D, Fuller G, Goodacre S, Bath PA, Hasan M, Omer Y & Wallis L (2022) Prognostic accuracy of triage tools for adults with suspected COVID-19 in a middle-income setting: an observational cohort study, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Marincowitz C, Bouamra O, Coates T, Kumar D, Lockey D, Mason L, Newcombe V, Thompson J, Yates D & Lecky F (2022) A study protocol for a retrospective cohort study and interrupted time series analysis to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on major trauma presentations and patient outcomes in English hospitals, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Marincowitz C, Stone T, Hasan M, Campbell R, Bath PA, Turner J, Pilbery R, Thomas B, Sutton L, Bell F , Biggs K et al (2021) Accuracy of emergency medical service telephone triage of need for an ambulance response in suspected COVID-19: An observational cohort study, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Marincowitz C, Stone T, Bath P, Campbell R, Turner J, Hussein M, Pilbery R, Thomas B, Sutton L, Bell F , Biggs K et al (2021) Accuracy of telephone triage for predicting adverse outcome in suspected COVID-19: An observational cohort study, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Goodacre S, Thomas B, Sutton L, Bursnall M, Lee E, Bradburn M, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K , Marincowitz C et al (2020) Derivation and validation of a clinical severity score for acutely ill adults with suspected COVID-19: The PRIEST observational cohort study, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Thomas B, Goodacre S, Lee E, Sutton L, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Biggs K, Marincowitz C, Schutter J , Connelly S et al (2020) Prognostic accuracy of emergency department triage tools for adults with suspected COVID-19: The PRIEST observational cohort study, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Biggs K, Thomas B, Goodacre S, Lee E, Sutton L, Bursnall M, Loban A, Waterhouse S, Simmonds R, Marincowitz C , Schutter J et al (2020) Prognostic accuracy of emergency department triage tools for children with suspected COVID-19: The PRIEST observational cohort study, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Hasan M, Bath P, Marincowitz C, Sutton L, Pilbery R, Hopfgartner F, Mazumdar S, Campbell R, Stone T, Benjamin T , Bell F et al () Pre-hospital prediction of adverse outcomes in patients with suspected COVID-19 : development, application and comparison of machine learning and deep learning methods. View this article in WRRO

Research group: The Centre for Urgent and Emergency Care Research (CURE)

Grants

2026

National Institute for Health Research Yorkshire and Humber Applied Research Collaboration. £11,556,593, Delivering Care Closer to Home Theme £1,399,499.26 (Co-Lead).

2024

National Institute for Health Research Advanced Fellowship. Understanding and addressing variation in Emergency Department attendances and inpatient admissions from care homes: a mixed methods study. £837,968 (Personal Award).

2021

Reducing unplanned hospital admissions from care homes: an updated and extended systematic review, NIHR, HS&DR. £94,859 (Co-applicant).

The PRIEST (Pandemic Respiratory Infection Emergency System Triage) Study for Low and Middle-Income Countries, International COVID-19 Data Alliance (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation). £71,747 (Chief Investigator).

2020

Pandemic Respiratory Infection Emergency System Triage, National Institute for Health Research, contract variation. £250,000 (Co-Chief Investigator).

University of Sheffield Clinical Academic Training Pump-priming Awards for Clinical Lecturers: Exploring reasons for variability in Emergency Department Attendances between care homes in the Yorkshire and Humber region. £4000 (Personal Award).

CENTER-TBI Scholarship £1200 (Personal Award).

2016

National Institute for Health Research Doctoral Research Fellowship. The Management of Traumatic Brain Injury: An Impact Assessment and Further Development. £337,530 (Personal Award).