Professor Steve Fotios
PhD BEng(Hons), PGCE, FHEA, FSLL, MILP, MEI
School of Architecture and Landscape
Professor of Lighting and Visual Perception
Editor, Lighting Research and Technology
Associate Director, CIE Division 4
- Profile
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I have taught in the School of Architecture since 2005, having previously taught at UMIST (1993-1998), Robert Gordon University (1999-2000) and Sheffield Hallam (2000-2005).
I supervise research of lighting; how does lighting affect our perception of space and our ability to perform visual tasks. A main application for this work is lighting for pedestrians and cyclists. We also conduct research on research methods, for subjective evaluations such as spatial brightness, discomfort from glare and pedestrian reassurance, and objective evaluations such as the interpretation of eye tracking data. This work, conducted within the Lighting Research Group, has led to new national and international guidance for lighting design.
I established two fora for PhD students of lighting: LumeNet, the research methods workshop, and BrightLights, where new researchers find out about the established researchers.
- Qualifications
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PhD; UMIST, 1997
- Research interests
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I am interested in lighting, visual perception and visual performance, for electric lighting and daylighting.
Questions include:
- Lighting for pedestrians and cyclists: how does lighting affect safe movement and perceived safety?
- Approaches for establishing appropriate lighting conditions in design guidance.
- The influence of test procedure on the results of an experiment – unintentional experimental bias.
- Publications
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Show: Featured publications All publications
Featured publications
Journal articles
- A comparison of approaches for investigating the impact of ambient light on road traffic collisions. Lighting Research & Technology, 53(3), 249-261. View this article in WRRO
- Measuring discomfort from glare : recommendations for good practice. LEUKOS. View this article in WRRO
- A review of design recommendations for P-class road lighting in European and CIE documents - part 1 : parameters for choosing a lighting class. Lighting Research & Technology, 52(5), 607-625. View this article in WRRO
- Exploring the nature of visual fixations on other pedestrians. Lighting Research and Technology, 50(4), 511-521. View this article in WRRO
- Illuminance required to detect a pavement obstacle of critical size. Lighting Research and Technology, 50(3), 390-404. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations. Lighting Research & Technology, 50(1), 154-186. View this article in WRRO
- Using the daylight savings clock change to show ambient light conditions significantly influence active travel. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 53, 1-10. View this article in WRRO
- A pilot study of road lighting, cycle lighting and obstacle detection. Lighting Research and Technology, 49(5), 586-602. View this article in WRRO
- Effect of illuminance and spectrum on peripheral obstacle detection by pedestrians. Lighting Research & Technology, 49(2), 211-227. View this article in WRRO
- A revised Kruithof graph based on empirical data. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 13(1), 3-17. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting and recognition of emotion conveyed by facial expressions. Lighting Research and Technology, 47(8), 964-975. View this article in WRRO
- Lamp spectrum and spatial brightness at photopic levels: Investigating prediction using S/P ratio and gamut area. Lighting Research and Technology, 47(5), 595-612. View this article in WRRO
- Observing other pedestrians: Investigating the typical distance and duration of fixation. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(5), 548-564. View this article in WRRO
- Using eye-tracking to identify pedestrians’ critical visual tasks. Part 2. Fixation on pedestrians. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(2), 149-160. View this article in WRRO
- Research Note: Uncertainty in subjective evaluation of discomfort glare. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(3), 379-383. View this article in WRRO
- Effects of outdoor lighting on judgements of emotion and gaze direction. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(3), 301-315. View this article in WRRO
- Using eye-tracking to identify pedestrians’ critical visual tasks, Part 1. Dual task approach. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(2), 133-148. View this article in WRRO
- Lamp spectrum and spatial brightness at photopic levels: A basis for developing a metric. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(1), 80-102. View this article in WRRO
- Using obstacle detection to identify appropriate illuminances for lighting in residential roads. LIGHTING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY, 45(3), 362-376. View this article in WRRO
- Stimulus range bias explains the outcome of preferred-illuminance adjustments. Lighting Research and Technology, 42(4), 433-447.
- Investigating the use of an adjustment task to set preferred colour of ambient illumination. Color Research and Application.
All publications
Journal articles
- Editorial: Responsibility for safe roads. Lighting Research & Technology, 56(5), 441-442.
- Visiting academic. Lighting Journal, 89(2), 50-52. View this article in WRRO
- Does darkness increase the risk of certain types of crime? A registered report protocol. PLOS ONE, 19(1). View this article in WRRO
- Opinion: Evidence for design guidance. Lighting Research & Technology, 56(1), 3-3.
- ENLIGHT: A consensus checklist for reporting laboratory-based studies on the non-visual effects of light in humans. eBioMedicine, 98, 104889-104889.
- Measuring pedestrian reassurance. Lighting Journal, 88(9), 12-16.
- Alert to the problem?. Lighting Journal, 88(5), 6-8. View this article in WRRO
- Predicting discomfort from glare with pedestrian-scale lighting: a comparison of candidate models using four independent data sets. International Journal of Lighting Research and Technology.
- The effect of changes in light level on the numbers of cyclists. Lighting Research & Technology.
- Examining female visual privacy as a function of window treatments. Lighting Research & Technology.
- Editorial: Research on lighting design. Lighting Research & Technology, 54(7), 627-627.
- Visual cues to interpersonal evaluations for pedestrians. Lighting Research & Technology. View this article in WRRO
- Establishing optimal illuminance for pedestrian reassurance using segmented regression. Lighting Research & Technology.
- Using relative visual performance to predict performance of an interpersonal evaluation task with variation in adaptation luminance, observer age, skin tone, pavement reflection and interpersonal distance. Lighting Research & Technology.
- Incorrect categorisation of ambient light level at the time of a road traffic collision. Lighting Research and Technology. View this article in WRRO
- Extending observations of ambient light level and active travel to explore age and gender differences in reassurance. Lighting Research and Technology.
- Opinion: Supporting PhD students. Lighting Research & Technology, 54(3), 198-198.
- Editorial: Women’s safety. Lighting Research & Technology, 54(1), 3-3.
- Correspondence: A new two-step approach for evaluating discomfort from glare. Lighting Research and Technology.
- The prevalence of in-vehicle driving distractions in road traffic collisions as a function of road type. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 84, 211-222.
- Effect of ambient light on the number of motorized vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board.
- The effect of lighting on crime counts. Energies, 14(14).
- Editorial: Who needs to know?. Lighting Research and Technology, 53(3), 187-187.
- A comparison of approaches for investigating the impact of ambient light on road traffic collisions. Lighting Research & Technology, 53(3), 249-261. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting for pedestrians: Does multi-tasking affect the performance of typical pedestrian tasks?. Lighting Research & Technology.
- The effect of distraction, response mode and age on peripheral target detection to inform studies of lighting for driving. Lighting Research & Technology. View this article in WRRO
- Corrigendum to Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations. Lighting Research & Technology, 52(7), 937-937.
- Motorcycle safety after-dark : the factors associated with greater risk of road-traffic collisions. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 146. View this article in WRRO
- Measuring discomfort from glare : recommendations for good practice. LEUKOS. View this article in WRRO
- A review of design recommendations for P-class road lighting in European and CIE documents - part 1 : parameters for choosing a lighting class. Lighting Research & Technology, 52(5), 607-625. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting density and brightness linked with increased cycling rates after-dark. PLoS ONE, 15(5). View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting and distraction whilst driving: Establishing the significant types of distraction. Lighting Research & Technology. View this article in WRRO
- Editorial. Lighting Research & Technology, 52(2), 165-165.
- Correspondence: Discussion of ‘The cross validation and robustness of daylight glare metrics’. Lighting Research & Technology, 52(2), 314-317.
- Research note: Describing average illuminance for P-class roads. Lighting Research & Technology. View this article in WRRO
- Corrigendum. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(5), 814-814.
- The association between correlated colour temperature and scotopic/photopic ratio. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(5), 803-813. View this article in WRRO
- Evaluation of pedestrian reassurance gained by higher illuminances in residential streets using the day-dark approach. Lighting Research & Technology, 51, 557-575. View this article in WRRO
- Stimulus range bias leads to different settings when using luminance adjustment to evaluate discomfort due to glare. Building and Environment, 153, 281-287. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting and the detection of slip hazards when walking. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(2), 324-325. View this article in WRRO
- The transition between lit and unlit sections of road and detection of driving hazards after dark. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(2), 243-261. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting for pedestrians: Effects of luminaire position on the detection of raised and lowered trip hazards. Lighting Research & Technology, 52(1), 79-93. View this article in WRRO
- Judging the Scientific Quality of Applied Lighting Research. LEUKOS, 15(2-3), 97-114. View this article in WRRO
- Subsidiary road lighting. P-class lighting; what illuminance and why?. Lighting Journal: official journal of the institution of lighting engineers, 84(1), 6-9. View this article in WRRO
- Using Category Rating to Evaluate the Lit Environment: Is a Meaningful Opinion Captured?. LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 15(2-3), 127-142. View this article in WRRO
- An Experimental Study on the Effect of Visual Tasks on Discomfort Due to Peripheral Glare. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 15(1), 17-28. View this article in WRRO
- A whole-year approach showing that ambient light level influences walking and cycling. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(1), 55-64. View this article in WRRO
- Appraising the intention of other people: Ecological validity and procedures for investigating effects of lighting for pedestrians. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(1), 111-130. View this article in WRRO
- Discomfort glare evaluation: The influence of anchor bias in luminance adjustments. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(1), 131-146. View this article in WRRO
- The effect of fog on detection of driving hazards after dark. Lighting Research & Technology, 50(7), 1024-1044. View this article in WRRO
- Effectiveness of an alternative model for establishing mesopic luminance. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(6), 900-909. View this article in WRRO
- Correspondence: New methods for the evaluation of discomfort glare. Lighting Research & Technology, 50(3), 489-491. View this article in WRRO
- The effect of assuming static or dynamic gaze behaviour on the estimated background luminance of drivers. Lighting Research & Technology, 51(3), 384-401. View this article in WRRO
- Exploring the nature of visual fixations on other pedestrians. Lighting Research and Technology, 50(4), 511-521. View this article in WRRO
- The effects of glare and inhomogeneous visual fields on contrast detection in the context of driving. Lighting Research and Technology, 50(4), 537-551. View this article in WRRO
- Order effects when using Hopkinson's multiple criterion scale of discomfort due to glare. Building and Environment, 136, 54-61. View this article in WRRO
- Illuminance required to detect a pavement obstacle of critical size. Lighting Research and Technology, 50(3), 390-404. View this article in WRRO
- Does expression choice affect the analysis of light spectrum and facial emotion recognition?. Lighting Research and Technology, 50(2), 294-302. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations. Lighting Research & Technology, 50(1), 154-186. View this article in WRRO
- The effect of ambient light condition on road traffic collisions involving pedestrians on pedestrian crossings. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 108, 189-200. View this article in WRRO
- Using the daylight savings clock change to show ambient light conditions significantly influence active travel. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 53, 1-10. View this article in WRRO
- Comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of energy efficiency in social housing. Case study: Northwest Mexico. Energy and Buildings, 152, 279-289.
- Gaze direction when driving after dark on main and residential roads: Where is the dominant location?. Lighting Research and Technology, 49(5), 574-585. View this article in WRRO
- A pilot study of road lighting, cycle lighting and obstacle detection. Lighting Research and Technology, 49(5), 586-602. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting and accidents: Why lighting is not the only answer.. Lighting Journal: official journal of the institution of lighting engineers, 82(5), 22-26. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting and accidents: Cyclists, lighting, accidents and responsibility. Lighting Journal: official journal of the institution of lighting engineers, 82(5), 28-32. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting for Cycling in the UK – A Review. Lighting Research and Technology, 49(3), 381-395. View this article in WRRO
- Investigating The Chromatic Contribution To Recognition Of Facial Expression. Lighting Research and Technology, 49(2), 243-258. View this article in WRRO
- Effect of illuminance and spectrum on peripheral obstacle detection by pedestrians. Lighting Research & Technology, 49(2), 211-227. View this article in WRRO
- Measure for Measure. Semi-cylindrical illuminance: a semi-conceived measure?. Lighting Journal (Rugby, England), 82(2), 34-35. View this article in WRRO
- A revised Kruithof graph based on empirical data. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 13(1), 3-17. View this article in WRRO
- Maintaining foveal fixation during a peripheral detection task. Lighting Research & Technology, 48(7), 898-909. View this article in WRRO
- Specifying enough light to feel reassured on pedestrian footpaths. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 12(4), 235-243. View this article in WRRO
- Comment on empirical evidence for the design of public lighting. Safety Science, 86, 88-91. View this article in WRRO
- Author’s Reply to Review of a Published Article: Fotios S. 2016. A revised Kruithof graph based on empirical data. Leukos. doi:10.1080/15502724.2016.1159137. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 1-2.
- The road less travelled
(Note: originally titled "Will residents tend to feel safer with new lighting? Analysis of The Suzy Lamplugh / Neighbourhood Watch survey of Perceived Safety"). Lighting Journal (Rugby, England), 81(5), 20-23. View this article in WRRO
- Review of a published article (Kakitsuba N. Comfortable Indoor Lighting Conditions Evaluated from Psychological and Physiological Responses.). LEUKOS, 12(3), 173-177. View this article in WRRO
- Daylight And Seating Preference In Open-Plan Library Spaces. The International Journal of Sustainable Lighting, 1(1), 12-12. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting and recognition of emotion conveyed by facial expressions. Lighting Research and Technology, 47(8), 964-975. View this article in WRRO
- Lamp spectrum and spatial brightness at photopic levels: Investigating prediction using S/P ratio and gamut area. Lighting Research and Technology, 47(5), 595-612. View this article in WRRO
- Observing other pedestrians: Investigating the typical distance and duration of fixation. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(5), 548-564. View this article in WRRO
- Human Factors in Lighting, 3rd ed.. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(4), 507-507.
- Road lighting and pedestrian reassurance after dark: A review. Lighting Research and Technology, 47(4), 449-469. View this article in WRRO
- Opinion: Methodology matters. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(2), 132-132. View this article in WRRO
- Investigating methods for measuring face recognition under lamps of different spectral power distribution. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(2), 221-235. View this article in WRRO
- Using eye-tracking to identify pedestrians’ critical visual tasks. Part 2. Fixation on pedestrians. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(2), 149-160. View this article in WRRO
- Research Note: Uncertainty in subjective evaluation of discomfort glare. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(3), 379-383. View this article in WRRO
- Effects of outdoor lighting on judgements of emotion and gaze direction. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(3), 301-315. View this article in WRRO
- Using eye-tracking to identify pedestrians’ critical visual tasks, Part 1. Dual task approach. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(2), 133-148. View this article in WRRO
- Lamp spectrum and spatial brightness at photopic levels: A basis for developing a metric. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(1), 80-102. View this article in WRRO
- Eye Movement and Pupil Size Constriction Under Discomfort Glare. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 56(3), 1649-1656. View this article in WRRO
- The influence of luminance, observation duration and procedure on the recognition of pedestrians’ faces. Lighting Research & Technology, 47(6), 693-704. View this article in WRRO
- Using obstacle detection to identify appropriate illuminances for lighting in residential roads. LIGHTING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY, 45(3), 362-376. View this article in WRRO
- Using forced choice discrimination to measure the perceptual response to light of different characteristics. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 9(4), 245-259.
- Measuring Colour. Lighting Research & Technology, 45(1), 133-134.
- LRT Digest 1 Maintaining brightness while saving energy in residential roads. Lighting Research and Technology, 45(1), 7-21.
- Satisfaction and illuminances set with user-controlled lighting. Architectural Science Review, 56(4), 306-314.
- Inter-personal Judgements for Pedestrians at Night: Exploring Information Perceived at Different Distances. Ingineria Iluminatului, 1(14), 31-44. View this article in WRRO
- The impact of building regulations on thermal behaviour of dwellings in new urban settlements around cairo. Proceedings - 28th International PLEA Conference on Sustainable Architecture + Urban Design: Opportunities, Limits and Needs - Towards an Environmentally Responsible Architecture, PLEA 2012.
- Erratum: Proposed UK guidance for lighting in residential roads (Lighting Research and Technology (2012) 44:1 (69-83) DOI: 10.1177/1477153511432678). Lighting Research and Technology, 44(3), 377.
- Comparing judgments of visual clarity and spatial brightness through an analysis of studies using the category rating procedure. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 8(4), 261-281.
- Lighting and display screens: Models for predicting luminance limits and disturbance. Lighting Research and Technology, 44(2), 197-223. View this article in WRRO
- USING ADJUSTMENT TO DEFINE PREFERRED ILLUMINANCES: DO THE RESULTS HAVE ANY VALUE?. LIGHT & ENGINEERING, 20(2), 46-55. View this article in WRRO
- Proposed UK guidance for lighting in residential roads. Lighting Research and Technology, 44(1), 69-83.
- Predicting lamp spectrum effects at mesopic levels. Part 2: Preferred appearance and visual acuity. LIGHTING RES TECHNOL, 43(2), 159-172. View this article in WRRO
- Predicting lamp spectrum effects at mesopic levels. Part 1: Spatial brightness. LIGHTING RES TECHNOL, 43(2), 143-157. View this article in WRRO
- Correspondence: Lighting for pedestrians: Is facial recognition what matters?. LIGHTING RES TECHNOL, 43(1), 129-130. View this article in WRRO
- Rating Spatial Brightness: Does The Number Of Response Categories Matter?. Ingineria Iluminatului, 13(1), 15-28. View this article in WRRO
- Does lighting contribute to the reassurance of pedestrians at night-time in residential roads?. Ingineria Iluminatului, 2(13), 29-44. View this article in WRRO
- Investigating the use of an adjustment task to set the preferred illuminance in a workplace environment. Lighting Research and Technology, 43(4), 403-422. View this article in WRRO
- New thermal insulation boards made from coconut husk and bagasse. Energy and Buildings, 43(7), 1732-1739. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting in offices: lamp spectrum and brightness. COLOR TECHNOL, 127(2), 114-120.
- Brightness matching with visual fields of different types. Lighting Research and Technology, 43(1), 73-85. View this article in WRRO
- . Lighting Res. Technol., 43, 143-157.
- . Lighting Res. Technol., 43, 159-172.
- The authors' reply Sir:. LEUKOS, 7(1), 12-19.
- New lighting recommendations for the classroom of the future based on luminous parameters of display screen equipment. Journal of Light and Visual Environment, 34(3), 165-169. View this article in WRRO
- A comparison of simultaneous and sequential brightness judgements. Lighting Research and Technology, 42(2), 183-197. View this article in WRRO
- Stimulus range bias explains the outcome of preferred-illuminance adjustments. Lighting Research and Technology, 42(4), 433-447.
- ROAD LIGHTING FOR PEDESTRIANS IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS: CHOOSING THE OPTIMUM LAMP COLOUR CHARACTERISTICS. LIGHT ENG, 18(1), 91-100. View this article in WRRO
- . Light. Res. Technol., 42, 433-447.
- Obstacle detection: A pilot study investigating the effects of lamp type, illuminance and age. LIGHTING RES TECHNOL, 41(4), 321-342. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting for subsidiary streets: Investigation of lamps of different SPD. Part 2 - Brightness (vol 39, pg 233, 2007). LIGHTING RES TECHNOL, 41(4), 381-383. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting and energy saving. LIGHTING RES TECHNOL, 41(3), 245-260.
- Comment on "Technical and economic analysis of road lighting solutions based on mesopic vision. Building and Environment 2009;44:66-75". BUILD ENVIRON, 44(9), 2006-2007.
- Building Design to Improve the Ease of Wayfinding in Unfamiliar Public Buildings. Design Principles and Practices: An International Journal—Annual Review, 3(4), 237-248.
- The model of DSE user acceptability and performance: Derivation of new lighting recommendation for the classroom of the future. PLEA 2009 - Architecture Energy and the Occupant's Perspective: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture.
- Thermal response of dwellings in Northwest Mexico: Applying passive design strategies. PLEA 2009 - Architecture Energy and the Occupant's Perspective: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture.
- Life cycle energy analysis of thermal insulation: Agricultural waste materials in Thailand. PLEA 2009 - Architecture Energy and the Occupant's Perspective: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture.
- Research Methods to Avoid Bias in Categorical Ratings of Brightness. LEUKOS, 5(3), 167-181. View this article in WRRO
- A Test of the S/P ratio as a correlate for brightness perception using rapid-sequential and side-by-side experimental protocols. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 6(2), 119-137.
- LIGHTING FOR THE CLASSROOMS OF THE FUTURE. ELECTRONIC CLASSROOMS: A NEW CHALLENGE FOR SCHOOL LIGHTING GUIDANCE. LIGHT ENG, 17(2), 62-70. View this article in WRRO
- . Light. Res. Technol., 41, 321-442.
- Agricultural waste materials as thermal insulation for dwellings in Thailand: Preliminary results. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings.
- Acceptability of screen reflections: Lighting strategies for improving quality of the visual environment in the Classrooms of the Future. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings.
- The effect of a stimulus frequency bias in side-by-side brightness ranking tests. Lighting Research and Technology, 40(1), 43-50. View this article in WRRO
- Counterbalancing needed to avoid bias in side-by-side brightness matching tasks. LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, 4(4), 207-223. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting for subsidiary streets: Investigation of lamps of different SPD. Part 1 - Visual performance. Lighting Research and Technology, 39(3), 215-232. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting for subsidiary streets: Investigation of lamps of different SPD. Part 2 - Brightness. Lighting Research and Technology, 39(3), 233-252.
- Evidence for response contraction bias in side-by-side matching tasks. Lighting Research and Technology, 39(2), 159-167. View this article in WRRO
- . Light. Res. Technol., 39(3), 215-232.
- . Light Res Technol, 39(3), 215-232.
- Comment on ‘A Comparison of traditional and high colour temperature lighting on the near acuity of elementary school children’ by S Berman, M Navvab, MJ Martin, J Sheedy, and W Tithof. Lighting Research & Technology, 38(1), 49-50.
- Author’s response to SM Berman and T Goodman. Lighting Research & Technology, 38(1), 15-17.
- Limitations to the application of the white light trade-off in street lighting. Lighting Journal (Rugby, England), 71(6), 24-29.
- The effect of pavement material on road lighting performance. Lighting Journal (Rugby, England), 71(2), 35-40.
- Light source spectrum, brightness perception and visual performance in pedestrian environments: A review. Lighting Research & Technology, 37(4), 271-291.
- Authors’ response to A Bierman and M Eloholma. Lighting Research & Technology, 37(4), 293-294.
- The power demand of discharge lamps used in public lighting. Lighting Journal (Rugby, England), 70(2), 32-36.
- A comparison of visual objectives used in side-by-side matching tests. Lighting Research & Technology, 37(2), 117-130.
- Is white light the right light?. Lighting Journal (Rugby, England), 70(1), 22-25.
- Experimental conditions to examine the relationship between lamp colour properties and apparent brightness. Lighting Research & Technology, 34(1), 29-38.
- Author’s response to D Loe and P Stone. Lighting Research & Technology, 33(4), 230-231.
- Author’s response to S Berman and C Cuttle. Lighting Research & Technology, 33(3), 181-181.
- An error in brightness matching associated with the application of dimming. Lighting Research and Technology, 33(4), 223-231.
- Lamp colour properties and apparent brightness: A review. Lighting Research and Technology, 33(3), 163-181.
- Chromatic effect on apparent brightness in interior spaces III: Chromatic brightness model. Lighting Research & Technology, 30(3), 107-110.
- Chromatic effect on apparent brightness in interior spaces II: Sws Lumens model. Lighting Research & Technology, 30(3), 103-106.
- Chromatic effect on apparent brightness in interior spaces I: Introduction and colour gamut models. Lighting Research & Technology, 30(3), 97-102.
- Perception of electric light sources of different colour properties. Lighting Research & Technology, 29(3), 161-171.
- Visual perception under tungsten lamps with enhanced blue spectrum. Lighting Research & Technology, 27(4), 173-179.
- Variance in odds ratios for estimating the deterrent effect of darkness on cycling: Variation due to the choice of case and control hours. PLOS ONE, 19(10), e0311964-e0311964.
- Road lighting for pedestrians: Comparing full-face and 3/4 views in a facial emotion recognition task. Lighting Research and Technology.
- Defining daytime in the day-dark approach to measuring the pedestrian reassurance of road lighting. Lighting Research & Technology.
- User behaviour in public squares after dark. Lighting Research & Technology.
- The effect of cognitive load on Detection-Response Task (DRT) performance during day- and night-time driving: a driving simulator study with young and older drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour.
- The impact of road lighting on road user alertness in the evening. Lighting Research & Technology, 147715352311726-147715352311726.
- Research Note: Variation of the effect of ambient light level on crime frequency with type of crime and location.. International Journal of Lighting Research and Technology.
- Daylight And Seating Preference In Open-Plan Library Spaces. International Journal of Sustainable Lighting, 17, 12-20.
- Investigating the use of an adjustment task to set preferred colour of ambient illumination. Color Research and Application.
- The effect of a pre-trial range demonstration on subjective evaluations using category rating of discomfort due to glare. LEUKOS. View this article in WRRO
Conference proceedings papers
- CYCLIST FATALITIES INCREASE ON UNLIT ROADS. CIE x050:2023 Proceedings of the 30th Session of the CIE, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 15 – 23, 2023, Volume 1, 15 September 2023 - 23 September 2023.
- Using a case-control method to explore the impact of lighting on cycle rates: Investigating the choice of case and control time periods.. Proceedings of the 30th Session of the CIE
- Darkness is a greater deterrent to cycling in suburban than in city centre locations. Proceedings of the 30th Session of the CIE
- Improving the detection of pedestrians after dark. 30th Session of the CIE (pp 82-89), 15 September 2023 - 15 September 2023.
- Cyclists are incorrectly represented in lighting design standards. 30th Session of the CIE (pp 107-114), 15 September 2023 - 15 September 2023.
- Discomfort from glare: why we need a CIE technical committee to report on best practise for commonly used methods and to propose new methods. 30th Session of the CIE (pp 569-574), 15 September 2023 - 15 September 2023.
- Do female pedestrians express a lower degree of reassurance than male pedestrians? And does road lighting help?. 30th Session of the CIE (pp 616-623), 15 September 2023 - 15 September 2023.
- Road lighting and road user alertness at nighttime: Testing the null findings of Gibbons and Bhagavathula. 30th Session of the CIE (pp 624-630), 15 September 2023 - 15 September 2023.
- Measuring pedestrian reassurance: comparing evaluations given by solo pedestrians and accompanied groups.. 30th Session of the CIE (pp 1768-1774), 15 September 2023 - 15 September 2023.
- Social interaction in local public squares after dark. IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science, Vol. 1099. Copenhagen, Denmark, 21 September 2022 - 23 September 2022.
- The influence of light on alertness when walking or driving in the evening. Proceedings of the 14th European Lighting Conference, 20 September 2022 - 22 September 2022.
- USING RELATIVE VISUAL PERFORMANCE TO PREDICT THE ABILITY TO MAKE INTERPERSONAL EVALUATIONS. Proceedings of the Conference CIE 2021, 27 September 2021 - 29 September 2021.
- COMPARING THE PRIVACY VS DAYLIGHT COMPROMISE FOR DIFFERENT WINDOW COVERINGS. Proceedings of the Conference CIE 2021, 27 September 2021 - 29 September 2021.
- Optimising road lighting to reduce road traffic crashes. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 274-279)
- The effect of changes in light level on the numbers of cyclists. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 847-852)
- Investigating light and crime using ambient light level. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 269-273)
- Using relative visual performance to predict the ability to make interpersonal evaluations.. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 525-529)
- The visual cues used to evaluate other pedestrians; face, body, or something else?. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 519-524)
- Comparing the privacy vs daylight compromise for different window coverings. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 787-792)
- Illuminance at the eye as a simple metric for discomfort glare from pedestrian scale luminaires. CIE2021 Midterm Conference (pp 405-412)
- Which metrics are needed to specify good lighting for pedestrians?. Proceedings of the 29th CIE Session (pp 62-67), 14 June 2019 - 22 June 2019. View this article in WRRO
- What are you looking at? Testing Nancy’s rules for pedestrian interactions. Proceedings of the 29th CIE Session (pp 1669-1674). Washington D.C., USA, 14 June 2019 - 22 June 2019. View this article in WRRO
- The influence of road lighting on cyclist numbers and safety. Proceedings of the 29th CIE Session (pp 68-76). Washington D.C., USA, 14 June 2019 - 22 June 2019. View this article in WRRO
- Hazard detection: testing the caveats of previous studies. Proceedings of the 29th CIE Session (pp 1768-1773). Washington D.C., USA, 14 June 2019 - 22 June 2019. View this article in WRRO
- Uniformity predicts pedestrian reassurance better than average illuminance. Proceedings of the 29th CIE Session (pp 1746-1752). Washington D.C., USA, 14 June 2019 - 22 June 2019. View this article in WRRO
- Experimental biases in discomfort glare evaluations. PLEA 2018 - Smart and Healthy within the Two-Degree Limit: Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Vol. 1 (pp 288-294) View this article in WRRO
- INFLUENCE OF AMBIENT LIGHT LEVEL ON PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY AND ACCIDENTS ON PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE AT THE CIE MIDTERM MEETING 2017 23 – 25 OCTOBER 2017, JEJU, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
- FIELD SURVEYS OF REASSURANCE IN TWO EUROPEAN CITIES USING BOYCE’S DAY-DARK APPROACH. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE AT THE CIE MIDTERM MEETING 2017 23 – 25 OCTOBER 2017, JEJU, REPUBLIC OF KOREA
- The pedestrian's perspective: How do illuminance variations affect reassurance?. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2017 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 6 June 2017 - 9 June 2017.
- GAZE BEHAVIOUR WHEN DRIVING AFTER DARK ON MAIN AND RESIDENTIAL ROADS. PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2016 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY (pp 395-401)
- VARYING FACIAL EXPRESSIONS IN STUDIES OF INTERPERSONAL JUDGEMENTS AND PEDESTRIAN LIGHTING. PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2016 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY (pp 275-282) View this article in WRRO
- Lighting for pedestrians: what are the critical visual tasks?. CIE conference 2014: Lighting Quality and Energy Efficiency (pp 164-173). Kuala Lumpur, 23 April 2014 - 26 April 2014. View this article in WRRO
- Empirical evidence towards appropriate lighting characteristics for pedestrians. CIE conference 2014: Lighting Quality and Energy Efficiency (pp 833-842). Kuala Lumpur, 23 April 2014 - 26 April 2014. View this article in WRRO
- Interpersonal judgements, lamp spectrum and task difficulty. CIE conference 2014: Lighting Quality and Energy Efficiency (pp 357-366). Kuala Lumpur, 23 April 2014 - 26 April 2014. View this article in WRRO
- Road lighting and pedestrian reassurance after dark. A review of the evidence. CIE conference 2014: Lighting Quality and Energy Efficiency (pp 843-852). Kuala Lumpur, 23 April 2014 - 26 April 2014. View this article in WRRO
- Identifying critical visual tasks of pedestrians after dark. 10th Biennial conference on Environmental Psychology. Magdeburg, Germany, 22 September 2013 - 25 September 2013.
- An Approach To Setting Illuminances For Subsidiary Streets. Lux Europa (pp 206-211). Krakow, 17 September 2013 - 19 September 2013. View this article in WRRO
- RELATIVE WEIGHTING OF LIGHTING ALONGSIDE OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES IN AFFECTING PEDESTRIAN REASSURANCE. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CIE CENTENARY CONFERENCE TOWARDS A NEW CENTURY OF LIGHT (pp 23-31) View this article in WRRO
- MEASURING THE IMPACT OF LIGHTING ON INTERPERSONAL JUDGEMENTS OF PEDESTRIANS AT NIGHT-TIME. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CIE CENTENARY CONFERENCE TOWARDS A NEW CENTURY OF LIGHT (pp 990-998) View this article in WRRO
- Exploring Interpersonal Judgements Between Pedestrians. Lux Europa (pp 231-236). Krakow, 17 September 2013 - 19 September 2013. View this article in WRRO
- Lighting and pedestrian reassurance at night time. Lux Pacifica (pp 252-255). Bangkok, 6 March 2013 - 8 March 2013. View this article in WRRO
- CRITICAL PEDESTRIAN TASKS: USING EYE-TRACKING WITHIN A DUAL TASK PARADIGM. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CIE CENTENARY CONFERENCE TOWARDS A NEW CENTURY OF LIGHT (pp 234-240) View this article in WRRO
- Exploring Interpersonal Judgements between Pedestrians. Lux Pacifica (pp 248-251). Bangkok, 6 March 2013 - 8 March 2013. View this article in WRRO
- Exploring the Social Aspect of Sustainability in Intelligent Environments. SASBE 2012: Emerging Economies Proceedings (pp 273-284), 27 June 2012 - 29 June 2012.
- Lighting in Residential Roads: What do we need to perceive?. Predicting Perceptions: The 3rd International Conference on Appearance. Edinburgh, 17 April 2012 - 19 April 2012. View this article in WRRO
- What Is The Right Light Level For Residential Roads?. Lux Pacifica (pp 256-259). Bangkok, 6 March 2013 - 8 March 2013. View this article in WRRO
- RESEARCH ON LIGHTING IN RESIDENTIAL ROADS. PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2012 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY (pp 21-37)
- USER CONTROL AND SATISFACTION WITH DIFFERENT ILLUMINANCE RANGES. PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2012 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY (pp 185-195)
- STREET LIGHTING - ARE THE CURRENTLY RECOMMENDED LIGHTING LEVELS RIGHT?. PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2012 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY (pp 516-516)
- PROPOSED UK GUIDANCE FOR LIGHTING IN RESIDENTIAL ROADS. 27TH SESSION OF THE CIE, VOL. 1, PTS 1 AND 2 (pp 345-356)
- WHICH COMES FIRST, THE LAPTOP OR THE LIGHTING?. 27TH SESSION OF THE CIE, VOL. 1, PTS 1 AND 2 (pp 830-840)
- USING ADJUSTMENT TO DEFINE PREFERRED ILLUMINANCES: DO THE RESULTS HAVE ANY VALUE?. 27TH SESSION OF THE CIE, VOL. 1, PTS 1 AND 2 (pp 203-212)
- Acceptability of screen reflections: Lighting strategies for improving quality of the visual environment in the Classrooms of the Future. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings
- Agricultural waste materials as thermal insulation for dwellings in Thailand: Preliminary results. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings
- Acceptability of screen reflections: Lighting strategies for improving quality of the visual environment in the Classrooms of the Future. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings
- Agricultural waste materials as thermal insulation for dwellings in Thailand: Preliminary results. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings
- Agricultural waste materials as thermal insulation for dwellings in Thailand: Preliminary results. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings
- Acceptability of screen reflections: Lighting strategies for improving quality of the visual environment in the Classrooms of the Future. PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings
- Lighting for cycling: detecting road surface hazards. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 217-222). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
- Using lighting to make pavements safer for pedestrians. Experiencing Light (pp 106-109). Eindhoven, 10 November 2014 - 11 November 2014.
- Lamp spectrum does not affect pedestrians’ judgements of the emotion of others as conveyed by facial expression. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 740-744). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
- Daylight and seating preference in open-plan spaces. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 1217-1222). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
- How much light do we need to judge another persons’ intentions?. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 317-323). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
- Misleading ratings of perceived safety. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 1628-1631). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
- Pavement obstacle detection at mesopic levels: a step toward applicable context.. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 1623-1627). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
- The Berman brightness experiment repeated: A discussion of methodology and metrics for spatial brightness. 28th Session of the CIE (pp 817-823). Manchester, 28 June 2015 - 4 July 2015.
Preprints
- A comparison of approaches for investigating the impact of ambient light on road traffic collisions. Lighting Research & Technology, 53(3), 249-261. View this article in WRRO
- Research group
- Grants
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- LightCAP: Cognition, Attention, Perception. A European Training Network under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions framework. £530,337, March 2020 to February 2024
- HAROLD: HAzards, ROad Lighting and Driving. EPSRC grant ref EP/S004009/1, £578,684, January 2019 to June 2022
- Impairment To Peripheral Detection When Driving. Experiments Investigating The Effect Of Fog And The Transition Between Lit And Unlit Sections Of Road. Project funded by Highways England under TTEAR Work Package 584 – Impact of Road Lighting Review; 1st February 2016 to 31st March 2017
- MERLIN-2: Further empirical evidence of lighting for pedestrians. £454,085. EPSRC award to S Fotios, June 2015.
- MERLIN: Mesopically Enhanced Road Lighting: Improving Night-vision. £417,588. EPSRC award to S Fotios, March 2011.
- Lighting for the classroom of the future; acceptability of screen glare. £31,009. EPSRC award to S Fotios (PI) & R Parnell (CI), May 2008.
- Street Lighting: A metric for specifying white light. £172,936. EPSRC award to S Fotios, June 2008.
- Obstacle Detection: Investigating the effects of source type and luminance. £26,780. Philips Lighting sponsored project, June 2007.
- Research into the effects of road surface material on road lighting performance. £33,002. Department for Transport sponsored project, January 2005.
- Research into the circuit wattage of discharge lamps used in public lighting. £30,282. Department for Transport sponsored project, June 2004.
- Purchase of a spectroradiometer. £34,276. EPSRC award to S Fotios, July 2004.
- White Light: an investigation of the perception of exterior lighting. £137,665. EPSRC award to S Fotios, June 2003.
- Teaching interests
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My teaching discusses heating, ventilation and lighting services using a bottom-up approach, questioning firstly whether there is a need for particular services, and then whether provision be met through design of the building form and format – a mixture of conservation and passive approaches. Is it possible for dwellings in the UK to be comfortable in winter without mechanical heating systems?
Of course in many situations mechanical systems are needed, and thus services are discussed to give the architect sufficient ideas for practice: what services are needed, where are the main items located and what size are they, and what questions should I ask the building services consultant?
These ideas are delivered through lectures and tutorials for studio projects. Currently, my teaching centres on two areas:
- Supervision of PhD students investigating lighting
- Part I and II: Environmental design - lighting
This is what a former student thought of my teaching:
Of course, any new housing wouldn’t be complete without insulation and central heating! This was the first time we have ever done a detailed services task and I think my naivety probably came through as this assignment took far longer than anticipated! However, Steve Fotios – a very enthusiastic module leader who remained passionate about every type of radiator, ventilation system and water system – had produced detailed notes which were a massive help! It is also worth mentioning that this submission wouldn’t have been the same without our very own tutorials from an ARUP engineer!
Jordan Egglestone
Who says architects only draw pretty pictures? (Jegglestone, Wordpress)
- Professional activities and memberships
-
Journals
- Editor, Lighting Research & Technology
- Associate Editor, Leukos
Committees
Institution of Lighting Professionals (ILP)
- British Standards (BSI). Member of BSI road lighting committee CPL/34/8 (2007-) producing the 2013 and 2020 updates of BS5489-1
- Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA). Member of three committees: Vision Science; Lighting for Outdoor Public Spaces; Discomfort Glare
- International Committee on Illumination (CIE). Associate Director, Division 4. Chairman of TC4-51, Optimising Road Lighting for Drivers. Member of committees on lighting for cycling, lighting urban objects, the impact of outdoor lighting, and discomfort from glare.
Conferences
- Founder of LumeNet, the international methods workshop for PhD students.
- Scientific Committee, CIE 2021 Session, Malaysia
(As of July 2020)