Sprains and strains
How to treat sprains and strains and when to seek medical attention.
Overview
Sprains and strains are very common. They are more frequent in people who do not warm up properly or exercise when they are tired or unfit.
The majority of sprains and strains will get better on their own, although it can take between 6 and 8 weeks to heal fully.
You should be well enough to take part in sports again fully after around 12 weeks.
What’s the difference?
Sprains are injuries of the ligament and often affect the ankle, wrist and knee. Symptoms include swelling around the joint, bruising, pain, and an inability to use the joint properly.
Strains are caused by overstretching (and sometimes tearing) a muscle. These can occur anywhere in the body but are more common in the back and legs. Bruising, swelling and reduced function are common symptoms.
Treating a sprain or strain
In the first few days you should treat with PRICE:
- Protect the limb
- Rest
- Apply Ice
- Use a Compression bandage (from the pharmacy)
- Elevate the affected limb
After this time you may begin to gently move the affected part of the body, as pain allows.
Pain killers such as Ibuprofen and paracetamol are usually recommended if you’re able to take them. If you’re unsure please check with your pharmacist
When to seek medical attention
- The pain is not improving after around 5 days (even with pain killers)
- If you cannot walk at all
- The affected part of the body is deformed
- You cannot move the affected part of the body
- The affected part has gone numb
In these circumstances, you should visit a Minor Injuries Unit, or Accident and Emergency Department.
