Professor Eric J Palmiere
BS MS PhD CEng
School of Chemical, Materials and Biological Engineering
Professor of Metallurgy and Thermomechanical Processing
Director of the Themomechanical Processing Laboratory
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+44 114 222 5978
Full contact details
School of Chemical, Materials and Biological Engineering
Sir Robert Hadfield Building
Mappin Street
Sheffield
S1 3JD
- Profile
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I am an internationally recognised leader in ferrous physical metallurgy and thermomechanical processing, with more than 35 years of experience. I have conducted research in association with many national and international companies from a wide variety of sectors including automotive, aerospace, construction, transportation and energy, including nuclear and most recently fusion. I have been a collaborator with the National Physical Laboratory on the development of Guides for Best Practice of High Temperature Testing, and has published >170 scientific papers in high impact journals. I have been the recipient of the IOM3 Charles Hatchett Award, and most recently been presented with the 2024 Tom Colclough Medal by the IOM3 in recognition of my contributions to the understanding of microstructure, mechanical properties and processing in the iron and steel industry.
- Research interests
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My research involves the microstructural evolution (utilising experimental techniques together with modelling techniques), and the subsequent development of mechanical properties during the thermomechanical processing of both ferrous and nonferrous alloys. In my research, a wide range of mechanical tests are employed, including laboratory simulations of industrial metalworking processes, e.g. rolling, forging, extrusion etc.
Additionally, this research relies upon the quantitative characterisation of microstructure using a number of different techniques including light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. This work has led to empirical relationships between deformation processing parameters (e.g., temperature, strain, strain rate and interpass delay time) and the resultant microstructure for a given alloy composition. Although a number of alloy systems including aluminium alloys, metal matrix composites (MMCs), titanium aluminides and permanent magnetic materials have been studied, the focus is primarily on ferrous alloys such as stainless, microalloyed steels and associated model alloy steels.
My work on the thermodynamic behaviour of NbC, and of its subsequent precipitation behaviour in microalloyed austenite has been recognised internationally, with the award of the Charles Hatchett Prize from the Institute of Materials (1995). I am particularly interested in developing a basic understanding between those softening (i.e., recovery, recrystallisation) and strengthening (i.e., solid solution, precipitation) mechanisms which occur either in austenite or in ferrite.
Key projects:
- Characterisation and modelling of strain-induced precipitation in steels
- Development of constitutive behaviour during moderate strain rate testing of steels at hot and warm working temperatures
- Influence of processing parameters, strain path and cooling rate on the microstructural evolution and transformation behaviour in pipeline steels API X70, X80 and X100
- Assessment and characterisation of friction effects during multipass hot deformation
- Deformation induced ferrite transformation leading to ultra-fine ferrite microstructures
- Influence of strain path on precipitation and recrystallisation of HSLA steels
- Modelling the nucleation, growth and coarsening kinetics of gamma″ during the heat treatment of Ni-based alloys
- Microstructural evolution during the thermomechanical processing of Ni-based alloys
- Development and processing of high modulus steels for automotive applications
- Alloy development and thermomechanical processing of advanced reduced activated ferritic-martensitic steels for fusion energy
- Publications
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Books
Edited books
Journal articles
- Prior austenite grain measurement: A direct comparison of EBSD reconstruction, thermal etching and chemical etching. Materials Characterization, 208, 113656-113656.
- A new approach to etching low‐carbon microalloyed steels to reveal prior austenite grain boundaries and the dual‐phase microstructure. Journal of Microscopy.
- Effect of niobium supersaturation in austenite on the static recrystallization behavior of carbon structural steels. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A.
- Influence of thermomechanical processing parameters on critical temperatures to develop an Advanced High-Strength Steel microstructure. Journal of Materials Science, 56(33), 18710-18721.
- Experimental and numerical study of the effects of the reversal hot rolling conditions on the recrystallization behavior of austenite model alloys. Metals, 11(1).
- Novel etching technique for delineation of prior-austenite grain boundaries in low, medium and high carbon steels. Materials, 13(15).
- Influence of cooling rate on the grain-refining effect of austenite deformation in a HSLA steel. Materials Characterization. View this article in WRRO
- Effect of austenite grain size on acicular ferrite transformation in a HSLA steel. Materials Characterization, 145(Mater. Sci. Eng. A 335 2002), 479-489. View this article in WRRO
- The effect of thermomechanical controlled processing on recrystallisation and subsequent deformation-induced ferrite transformation textures in microalloyed steels. Journal of Materials Science, 53(9), 6922-6938. View this article in WRRO
- Conditions for the occurrence of acicular ferrite transformation in HSLA steels. Journal of Materials Science, 53(5), 3785-3804. View this article in WRRO
- Erratum to: Effect of Austenite Deformation on the Microstructure Evolution and Grain Refinement Under Accelerated Cooling Conditions. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science.
- Influence of strain reversal on dynamic transformation in microalloyed steels deformed above the Ae₃ temperature. Journal of Materials Science. View this article in WRRO
- Evaluation of classical precipitation descriptions for γ′′(Ni3Nb−D022) in Ni-base superalloys. Journal of Materials Science, 52(14), 8665-8680. View this article in WRRO
- Effect of Austenite Deformation on the Microstructure Evolution and Grain Refinement Under Accelerated Cooling Conditions. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 48(7), 3389-3399. View this article in WRRO
- Characterisation of strain-induced precipitation behaviour in microalloyed steels during thermomechanical controlled processing. Materials Characterization, 124, 83-89. View this article in WRRO
- Grain coarsening behaviour of solution annealed Alloy 625 between 600–800°C. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 682, 402-409. View this article in WRRO
- A phase quantification method based on EBSD data for a continuously cooled microalloyed steel. Materials Characterization, 123, 339-348. View this article in WRRO
- Effect of austenite grain size on the bainitic ferrite morphology and grain refinement of a pipeline steel after continuous cooling. Materials Characterization, 123, 128-136. View this article in WRRO
- Modelling the nucleation, growth and coarsening kinetics of γ″ (D0
22 ) precipitates in the Ni-base Alloy 625. Acta Materialia, 119, 157-166. View this article in WRRO - Thermomechanical processing route to achieve ultrafine grains in low carbon microalloyed steels. Acta Materialia, 119, 43-54. View this article in WRRO
- Dissolution and precipitation behaviour in steels microalloyed with niobium during thermomechanical processing. Acta Materialia, 97, 392-403. View this article in WRRO
- Tensile Behaviour of Galvanised Grade 8.8 Bolt Assemblies in Fire. Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, 6(3), 197-212. View this article in WRRO
- Microstructural evolution of a heat-treated H23 tool steel. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 22(3), 272-284.
- Influence of Strain History and Cooling Rate on the Austenite Decomposition Behavior and Phase Transformation Products in a Microalloyed Steel. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 45(8), 3619-3630.
- The development of ultrafine-grained hot rolling products using advanced thermomechanical processing. Materials Science and Engineering A, 610, 290-296.
- On the Solidification of a H23 Tool Steel. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals.
- Dynamic restoration mechanisms in a Ti-Nb stabilized ferritic stainless steel during hot deformation. Materials Science and Engineering A, 601, 7-19.
- Effect of strain path on dynamic strain-induced transformation in a microalloyed steel. Acta Materialia, 66, 132-149.
- Microstructural and Texture Development during Multi-Pass Hot Deformation of a Stabilized High-Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel. ISIJ International, 54(6), 1406-1415.
- A Study of Carbide Precipitation in a H21 Tool Steel. ISIJ International, 54(7), 1667-1676.
- On the interactions between strain path reversal and dynamic recrystallisation in 316L stainless steel studied by hottorsion. Materials Science and Engineering A, 568, 160-170.
- Effect of austenite morphology on ferrite refinement in microalloyed steel. Materials Science Forum, 753, 542-545.
- The effect of strain path reversal during austenite deformation on phase transformation in a microalloyed steel subjected to accelerated cooling. Materials Science Forum, 715-716, 667-672.
- A hybrid modelling approach applied to the evolution of microstructure during plane strain deformation. Materials Science Forum, 715-716, 416-426.
- The effect of high temperature grain refinement on the isothermal ferrite grain growth kinetics in steel S460. Materials Science Forum, 715-716, 907-912.
- On the effect of strain reversal on static recrystallisation and strain-induced precipitation process kinetics in microalloyed steels. Materials Science Forum, 715-716, 655-660.
- Multi-pass simulation of heavy plate rolling including Intermediate Forced Cooling. Advanced Materials Research, 409, 443-448.
- Mapping microstructure inhomogeneity using electron backscatter diffraction in 316L stainless steel subjected to hot plane strain compression tests. Materials Science and Technology, 26(12), 1477-1486.
- The effects of friction and lubrication on multipass hot deformation. Advanced Materials Research, 89-91, 745-750.
- Effect of austenite deformation on recrystallisation behaviour in an X-70 microalloyed steel. Advanced Materials Research, 89-91, 721-726.
- The Effect of Processing Conditions and Cooling Rate on the Microstructure and Properties of API X-70 and API X-100 Steels. MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, 25(1-3), 48-53.
- The use of model systems based on Fe-30%Ni for studying the microstructural evolution during the hot deformation of austenite. THERMEC 2009, PTS 1-4, 638-642, 2694-2699.
- Influence of Strain Path on Microstructure Evolution of Low Carbon Steels. THERMEC 2009, PTS 1-4, 638-642, 3418-3423.
- Microalloyed steels. Materials Science and Technology, 25(9), 1065-1065.
- New approach for modelling strain induced precipitation of Nb(C,N) in HSLA steels during multipass hot deformation in austenite. MATER SCI TECH-LOND, 25(9), 1168-1174. View this article in WRRO
- Solid-liquid structural break-up in M2 tool steel for semi-solid metal processing. J MATER SCI, 44(3), 869-874.
- Mechanism of oxidation of austenitic stainless steels under conditions of hot rolling in Steckel Mills. METALL MATER TRANS A, 39A(10), 2477-2485.
- A combined neuro fuzzy-cellular automata based material model for finite element simulation of plane strain compression. COMP MATER SCI, 40(3), 366-375.
- Grain size measurement by EBSD in complex hot deformed metal alloy microstructures.. J Microsc, 227(Pt 3), 298-308.
- View this article in WRRO
- A general method for coupling microstructural response with structural performance. P R SOC A, 462(2071), 2085-2096.
- Measurement of flow stress in hot plane strain compression tests. Materials at High Temperatures, 23(2), 85-118.
- Thixoforming of a high performance HP9/4/30 steel. MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, 395(1-2), 53-61.
- EBSD study of the orientation dependence of substructure characteristics in a model Fe-30wt%Ni alloy subjected to hot deformation.. J Microsc, 217(Pt 2), 138-151.
- The cut-groove technique to infer interfacial effects during hot rolling. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 35(3), 1087-1095.
- The cut-groove technique to infer interfacial effects during hot rolling. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 35(13), 1087-1095.
- Mechanical properties and microstructure of twin roll cast Al–7Si/SiCp MMCs. Materials Science and Technology, 11(8), 741-752.
- Microstructural Evolution in a 0.09% Niobium Low Carbon Steel during Controlled Hot Deformation. Metals, 14(3), 283-283.
- Cementite Precipitation of a H21 Tool Steel after Hot Compression and Double Temper. Advanced Materials Research, 1043, 154-158.
- Solidification Behaviour of a H21 Tool Steel. Advanced Materials Research, 1043, 159-164.
- The Breakdown of Carbide Network in a H23 Tool Steel by Hot Axisymmetric Compression. Advanced Materials Research, 1043, 149-153.
- ChemInform Abstract: Microstructural Development in MnAl-Base Permanent Magnet Materials: New Perspectives. ChemInform, 28(36), no-no.
Chapters
- The Use Of Model Systems Based On Fe-30 Wt%Ni for Investigating the Precipitation and Transformation Behaviour of Microalloyed Austenite, HSLA Steels 2015, Microalloying 2015 & Offshore Engineering Steels 2015 (pp. 1095-1101). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Effect of Austenite Deformation and Continuous Cooling on Microstructure Evolution in a Pipeline Steel, HSLA Steels 2015, Microalloying 2015 & Offshore Engineering Steels 2015 (pp. 775-781). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Thermomechanical Processing of Structural Steels with Dilute Niobium Additions, HSLA Steels 2015, Microalloying 2015 & Offshore Engineering Steels 2015 (pp. 281-287). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Comparative Analysis of Precipitation Effects in Microalloyed Austenite and Ferrite Under Hot and Cold Forming Conditions, HSLA Steels 2015, Microalloying 2015 & Offshore Engineering Steels 2015 (pp. 253-259). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Modelling Strain Induced Precipitation of Niobium Carbonitride during Multipass Deformation of Austenite, Materials Science Forum (pp. 3-14). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
- Strain Induced Precipitation in Model and Conventional Microalloyed Steels during Thermomechanical Processing, Materials Science Forum (pp. 139-146). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
- The Effect of Grain Size and Rolling Reduction on the Texture Development of a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel, Materials Science Forum (pp. 195-200). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
- An Investigation of Microstructure Inhomogeneity in Waspaloy Subjected to Plane Strain Compression Testing, Materials Science Forum (pp. 589-594). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
Conference proceedings papers
- Softening Kinetics of Plain Carbon Steels Containing Dilute Nb Additions. Materials Science Forum, Vol. 879 (pp 1546-1551), 29 May 2016 - 3 June 2016. View this article in WRRO
- Effect of Austenite Deformation and Continuous Cooling on Microstructure Evolution in a Pipeline Steel (pp 775-781)
- Thermomechanical Processing of Structural Steels with Dilute Niobium Additions (pp 281-287)
- Comparative Analysis of Precipitation Effects in Microalloyed Austenite and Ferrite Under Hot and Cold Forming Conditions (pp 253-259)
- The Use of Model Systems Based on Fe-30 wt%Ni for Investigating the Precipitation and Transformation Behaviour of Microalloyed Austenite (pp 1095-1101)
- On the use of model alloys as a way to understand the effects of complex deformation conditions on austenite microstructure evolution during hot metal forming processes. Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, Vol. 2(1) (pp 143-151)
- Cellular automata method for simulating microstructure evolution. IEE PROCEEDINGS-SCIENCE MEASUREMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, Vol. 150(5) (pp 211-213)
- Study of the Effect of Cyclic Strain Reversal on the Interactions between SRX and PPT in the Microalloyed Austenite during Hot Rolling Process. Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 622-623 (pp 1023-1030)
- Viscosity–Shear Rate Relationship during the Thixoforming of HP9/4/30 Steel (pp 677-680)
- Research group
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PDRA
- Dr John Nutter (joint with Prof Mark Rainforth)
- Dr Ashley Scarlett (joint with Dr Richard Thackray)
- Dr Jiawei Xi (joint with Prof Mark Rainforth)
PhD- *Tongyu Wang
- *Ashley Scarlett (joint with Prof Dan Cogswell)
- *Sulayman Khan (joint with Prof Martin Jackson)
- *Ahmad Alsalman (joint with Prof Mark Rainforth)
- Chenghao Yang (joint with Prof Mark Rainforth)
- Shengqi Xu (joint with Prof Mark Rainforth)
- Thomas Cole (joint with Dr Lewis Owen)
- Lucas Cook (joint with Prof Martin Jackson)
- *Leon Butterworth (joint with Prof Mark Rainforth)
*Primary supervisor
Technical- Mr Dean Haylock (Thermomechanical Processing Laboratory)
- Teaching activities
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MAT4443 - Metallurgical Processing
MAT630 - Engineering Alloys
MAT6664 - Science of Materials
- Professional activities and memberships
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- Fellow, Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3) (FIMMM)
- Chartered Engineer (CEng)
- Member, Board of Review for the journal Metals
- Member, Board of Review for the journal High Temperature Materials
- Member, International Advisory Board, Intl. Conf. Series Recrystallisation and Grain Growth
- Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, Intl. Conf. Series Thermomechanical Processing of Steels