Dr Brant Walkley
School of Chemical, Materials and Biological Engineering
Senior Lecturer
+44 114 222 7528
Full contact details
School of Chemical, Materials and Biological Engineering
Room B56
Sir Robert Hadfield Building
Mappin Street
Sheffield
S1 3JD
- Profile
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I am Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, where I lead the Sustainable Materials at Sheffield (SMASH) research team. I joined the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering as Lecturer in 2019, and prior to this I was a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Sheffield (Oct 2016 – Aug 2019), and completed my PhD in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at The University of Melbourne, Australia (awarded Dec 2016). I also hold Bachelor degrees from The University of Melbourne in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (Honours) and Science (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology).
My research has been funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Innovate UK, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, Nuclear Decommissioning Authority, Sellafield Ltd., National Nuclear Laboratory, and both UK and international industry groups. I am Co-Director of the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training GREEN (Growing skills for Reliable Economic Energy from Nuclear), Deputy Director of Recruitment (PGR Admissions) in Chemical and Biological Engineering, and am Editor for Materials Today Communications.
I teach a variety of research-led core and applied chemical engineering subjects. I was awarded an ‘Outstanding PGR Supervision Award’ in 2022 and 2023, an ‘Undergraduate Teaching Award’ in 2020 and received a ‘Letter of Commendation for Teaching Excellence’ in 2019 from the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield.
- Research interests
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Our research aims to drive new advances in the development of materials and processes for sustainable infrastructure, environmental remediation, waste management, and clean energy. This will enable industry to meet the needs of our society both sustainably and cost-effectively, improving the well-being of our society and environment.
Broadly speaking, our research group focuses on investigation of composition-structure-property relationships, reaction mechanisms and kinetics in cements, glasses, ceramics and nanomaterials using advanced spectroscopic and microstructural techniques, including solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Current projects focus on:
- Development of low-CO2 cements for sustainable infrastructure
- Understanding durability and degradation phenomena in low-CO2 cements
- Understanding and controlling radionuclide-mineral interactions in cement matrices used for immobilisation of radioactive waste
- Understanding mass transport processes in cements for applications in both construction and nuclear sectors
- Controlling reaction mechanisms, kinetics and retention in cement wasteforms for safe disposal of heavy metal pollutants
- Life cycle assessment of cements and related materials
- Publications
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Journal articles
- Aqueous cold-sintering of Na0.7CoO2: A benign, facile method for the densification of Na-ion compounds. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 44(16), 116792-116792.
- Effects of kaolinite and montmorillonite calcined clays on the sulfate balance, early hydration, and artificial pore solution of limestone calcined clay cements (LC3). Materials and Structures, 57(8).
- Multi-year cementitious hydrate product formation in non-Portland high performance concretes. CEMENT, 100111-100111.
- Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag as an additive in sodium carbonate-activated slag cements. Materials and Structures, 57(7).
- Determining aluminium co-ordination of kaolinitic clays before and after calcination with electron energy loss spectroscopy. Applied Clay Science, 255, 107402-107402.
- Encapsulation of iodine-loaded adsorbents in blended Portland cement and geopolymer wasteforms. Cement and Concrete Research, 179, 107480-107480.
- Thermally-treated asbestos-cement wastes as supplementary precursor for geopolymeric binders: CO2 emission and properties. Waste Management, 182, 225-236.
- Effect of exposure of metakaolin‐based geopolymer cements to gamma radiation. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. View this article in WRRO
- Characterisation of calcined waste clays from kaolinite extraction in alkali-activated GGBFS blends. Materials Today Communications, 38, 107777-107777.
- Exploring sulfate optimization techniques in Limestone Calcined Clay Cements (LC3): limitations and insights. Cement and Concrete Research, 175, 107375-107375.
- Effect of ZrO2 stoichiometry on the structural and electrical properties of Na3Zr2−xSi2PO12-2x solid electrolyte. Journal of the European Ceramic Society.
- Reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and nanostructural evolution of magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) gels. Cement and Concrete Research, 174, 107295-107295.
- Radioiodine abatement – Development of radioiodine targeting strategies in the light of zero emission. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 165, 104918-104918.
- Evaluation of copper slag and stainless steel slag as replacements for blast furnace slag in binary and ternary alkali-activated cements. Journal of Materials Science, 58(31), 12537-12558.
- Characterisation of alkali-activated stainless steel slag and blast-furnace slag cements. Cement and Concrete Composites, 105230-105230.
- Investigating the retarding effect of CAC in alkali-activated cements. Frontiers in Materials, 10, 1212177.
- Retarding effect of gypsum for hybrid alkali-activated cements (HAACs) at ambient temperature. Materials Today Communications, 35, 106182-106182.
- Spectroscopic identification of Ca-bearing uranyl silicates formed in C–S–H systems. Scientific Reports, 13.
- Atomic-scale characterisation of sodium aluminosilicate hydrates (N-A-S-H) and Mg-substituted N(-M)-A-S-H using XANES. Applied Geochemistry, 105515-105515.
- Functionality screening to help design effective materials for radioiodine abatement. Frontiers in Chemistry, 10. View this article in WRRO
- Carbonation rate of alkali-activated concretes and high-volume SCM concretes: a literature data analysis by RILEM TC 281-CCC. Materials and Structures, 55(8).
- The influence of curing temperature on the strength and phase assemblage of hybrid cements based on GGBFS/FA blends. Frontiers in Materials, 9.
- Mechanisms of dispersion of metakaolin particles via adsorption of sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polymer. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 628(Part B), 745-757.
- Report of RILEM TC 267-TRM phase 2: optimization and testing of the robustness of the R3 reactivity tests for supplementary cementitious materials. Materials and Structures, 55(3). View this article in WRRO
- Reversible Adsorption of Polycarboxylates on Silica Fume in High pH, High Ionic Strength Environments for Control of Concrete Fluidity. Langmuir, 38(5), 1662-1671.
- Degradation resistance of different cementitious materials to phosphoric acid attack at early stage. Cement and Concrete Research, 151.
- Spectroscopic evaluation of UVI–cement mineral interactions: ettringite and hydrotalcite. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 29(1), 89-102.
- Capture of aqueous radioiodine species by metallated adsorbents from wastestreams of the nuclear power industry : a review. SN Applied Sciences, 3(11). View this article in WRRO
- Metakaolin-based geopolymers : efflorescence and its effect on microstructure and mechanical properties. Ceramics International.
- Synthesis of Ca1-xCexZrTi2-2xAl2xO7 zirconolite ceramics for plutonium disposition. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 556, 153198-153198.
- Strategies for control and mitigation of efflorescence in metakaolin-based geopolymers. Cement and Concrete Research, 144, 106431-106431.
- Characterizing oxygen atoms in perovskite and pyrochlore oxides using ADF-STEM at a resolution of a few tens of picometers. Acta Materialia, 208. View this article in WRRO
- The influence of Fe2O3 reagent grade purity on the electrical properties of ‘undoped’ LaFeO3 ceramics: a cautionary reminder. Journal of the European Ceramic Society.
- The role of zinc in metakaolin-based geopolymers. Cement and Concrete Research, 136. View this article in WRRO
- Influence of activator type on reaction kinetics, setting time, and compressive strength of alkali-activated mineral wools. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. View this article in WRRO
- 18-month hydration of a low-pH cement for geological disposal of radioactive waste: The Cebama reference cement. Applied Geochemistry. View this article in WRRO
- Metakaolin-based geopolymers: Relation between formulation, physicochemical properties and efflorescence formation. Composites Part B: Engineering, 182. View this article in WRRO
- Nanostructural evolution of alkali-activated mineral wools. Cement and Concrete Composites, 106. View this article in WRRO
- Nanostructure of CaO-(Na2O)-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O gels revealed by multinuclear solid-state magic angle spinning and multiple quantum magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 124(2), 1681-1694. View this article in WRRO
- Incorporation of strontium and calcium in geopolymer gels. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 382. View this article in WRRO
- New selective dissolution process to quantify reaction extent and product stability in metakaolin-based geopolymers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 176. View this article in WRRO
- TGFβ inhibition stimulates collagen maturation to enhance bone repair and fracture resistance in a murine myeloma model. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. View this article in WRRO
- Exploiting in-situ solid-state NMR spectroscopy to probe the early stages of hydration of calcium aluminate cement. Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, 99(J. Magn. Reson. 57 1984), 1-6. View this article in WRRO
- Thermodynamic modelling of BFS-PC cements under temperature conditions relevant to the geological disposal of nuclear wastes. Cement and Concrete Research, 119, 21-35. View this article in WRRO
- Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cements. Materials Today Advances, 1. View this article in WRRO
- Slag and Activator Chemistry Control the Reaction Kinetics of Sodium Metasilicate-Activated Slag Cements. Sustainability, 10(12). View this article in WRRO
- Reactivity tests for supplementary cementitious materials: RILEM TC 267-TRM phase 1. Materials and Structures, 51. View this article in WRRO
- Synthesis and characterisation of the new oxyfluoride Li+ ion conductor, Li5SiO4F. Solid State Ionics, 327, 64-70. View this article in WRRO
- View this article in WRRO Examination of alkali-activated material nanostructure during thermal treatment. Journal of Materials Science, 53(13), 9486-9503.
- New Structural Model of Hydrous Sodium Aluminosilicate Gels and the Role of Charge-Balancing Extra-Framework Al. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 122(10), 5673-5685. View this article in WRRO
- Thermal performance of calcium-rich alkali-activated materials: A microstructural and mechanical study. Construction and Building Materials, 153, 225-237. View this article in WRRO
- Structural evolution of synthetic alkali-activated CaO-MgO-Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2 materials is influenced by Mg content. Cement and Concrete Research, 99, 155-171. View this article in WRRO
- Synthesis of stoichiometrically controlled reactive aluminosilicate and calcium-aluminosilicate powders. Powder Technology, 297, 17-33. View this article in WRRO
- Phase evolution of C-(N)-A-S-H/N-A-S-H gel blends investigated via alkali-activation of synthetic calcium aluminosilicate precursors. Cement and Concrete Research, 89, 120-135. View this article in WRRO
- Phase evolution of Na2O–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O gels in synthetic aluminosilicate binders. Dalton Transactions, 45(13), 5521-5535. View this article in WRRO
- Stoichiometrically controlled C–(A)–S–H/N–A–S–H gel blends via alkali-activation of synthetic precursors. Advances in Applied Ceramics, 114(7), 372-377. View this article in WRRO
- Gel nanostructure in alkali-activated binders based on slag and fly ash, and effects of accelerated carbonation. Cement and Concrete Research, 53, 127-144.
- Mineralogical characteristics influence the structure and pozzolanic reactivity of thermally and mechano-chemically activated meta-kaolinites. Journal of Materials Chemistry A.
- Optimization of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cements Using Ultrafine Fly Ash and Fly Ash. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering.
- Encapsulation of iodine-loaded metallated silica materials by a geopolymer matrix. MRS Advances.
- Chemical structure and dissolution behaviour of CaO and ZnO containing alkali-borosilicate glass. Materials Advances.
- Characterization of an aged alkali-activated slag roof tile after 30 years of exposure to Northern Scandinavian weather. RSC Advances, 12(40), 25822-25832.
- Mimicking Biosintering: The Identification of Highly Condensed Surfaces in Bioinspired Silica Materials. Langmuir. View this article in WRRO
- Thermodynamic properties of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N–A–S–H). Dalton Transactions.
- Activator Anion Influences the Nanostructure of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C.
Chapters
- Cement-based stabilization/solidification of radioactive waste, Low Carbon Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes (pp. 407-431). Elsevier
- Geopolymers, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series (pp. 406-407). Springer International Publishing
- Geopolymers, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series (pp. 1-2). Springer International Publishing
- Fly ash-based geopolymer chemistry and behavior, Coal Combustion Products (CCP's) (pp. 185-214). Elsevier View this article in WRRO
- List of contributors, Coal Combustion Products (CCP's) (pp. xi-xii). Elsevier
Conference proceedings papers
- Carbonation Rate of Alkali-Activated Concretes: Effects of Compositional Parameters and Carbonation Conditions (pp 1029-1037)
- RILEM TC 281-CCC Working Group 6: Carbonation of Alkali Activated Concrete—Preliminary Results of a Literature Survey and Data Analysis (pp 667-676)
- Development of ultra-low shrinkage and high strength concrete without Portland cement with experimental study on its fabrication. fib Symposium (pp 763-772)
- An experimental study on shrinkage and mechanical properties of ultra-low shrinkage and high strength zero-cement concrete. fib Symposium, Vol. 2021-June (pp 729-738)
- Properties and micro strucure of ultralow shrinkage and high strength zero-cement-concrete. Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2020: Concrete Structures for Resilient Society (pp 76-83)
- Properties and micro strucure of ultralow shrinkage and high strength zero-cement-concrete. fib Symposium (pp 76-83)
- Understanding interfacial interactions to unlock the potential of bioinspired nanomaterials. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol. 258
Preprints
- Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag as an additive in sodium carbonate-activated slag cements, Research Square Platform LLC.
- Determining aluminium co-ordination of kaolinitic clays before and after calcination with electron energy loss spectroscopy, American Chemical Society (ACS).
- Effects of kaolinite and montmorillonite calcined clays on the sulfate balance, early hydration, and artificial pore solution of limestone calcined clay cements (LC3), Research Square Platform LLC.
- Radioiodine Abatement – Development of Radioiodine Targeting Strategies in the Light of Zero Emission, SSRN Electronic Journal.
- Characterizing oxygen atoms in perovskite and pyrochlore oxides using ADF-STEM at a resolution of a few tens of picometers, arXiv.
- Research group
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Postdoctoral Research Associates:
- Dr Dan Geddes, UKRI Interdisciplinary Circular Economy Centre For Mineral-based Construction Materials (EPSRC)
PhD researchers:
- Sylvia Gomes, Solidification routes for encapsulation of radioiodine (EPSRC & National Nuclear Laboratory)
- Cameron Halliwell, Understanding cement- superplasticiser interactions in geopolymer encapsulants for safe disposal of radioactive waste (EPSRC & Sellafield Ltd)
- William McMahon, Decarbonising Construction: Understanding the Chemistry and Engineering of Low-Carbon Alkali-Activated Cements (EPSRC Industrial & DB Group (Holdings) Ltd)
- Cameron Halliwell, Understanding cement- superplasticiser interactions in geopolymer encapsulants for safe disposal of radioactive waste (EPSRC & Sellafield Ltd)
- Ava Sjoberg, Understanding cement-superplasticiser interactions in blended Portland cement wasteforms (Nuclear Decommissioning Authority)
- Isabelle Smith, Next-generation low-carbon cement wasteforms for safe disposal of radioactive waste (GREEN CDT (EPSRC) & Sellafield Ltd)
- Madeline Rihner, Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable Cement (Energy Institute & EPSRC)
- Ella Cliff, Understanding reaction mechanisms, kinetics and structural evolution in low-carbon cements (EPSRC)
- Charlotte Nevin, Resolving reaction mechanisms, kinetics and mass transport in radionuclide-loaded geopolymer cement wasteforms (GREEN CDT (EPSRC) & Sellafield Ltd)
- Kyle O'Donoghue, Geopolymer reaction mechanisms and kinetics for immobilisation of radioactive waste (EPSRC)
- Jess McWilliams, Encapsulation of contaminated oils in geopolymer cements (GREEN CDT (EPSRC))
Recruitment:
I'm always keen to support people who are passionate about the development of sustainable materials, chemical engineering, materials chemistry and science and engineering more generally. Prospective PhD/PDRA/Research Fellows are encouraged to send me an expression of interest along with their CV. There are a number of scholarship schemes through which prospective PhD researchers can apply for PhD funding, as well as schemes to support postdoctoral and research fellows, and I will gladly support talented individuals in these applications for projects which align with the broad research themes below.
- Materials for sustainable infrastructure
- Materials for environmental remediation
- Materials for sustainable energy production and storage
Prospective PhD/PDRA/Research Fellows who have already secured funding are also very welcome to propose their own research ideas
- Grants
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Current grants
- 2023-2026: Developing technology and specifications for metakaolin-based geopolymers as robust and promising stabilisers for fuel debris removal (EPSRC)
- 2023-2026: UKRI Interdisciplinary Circular Economy Centre For Mineral-based Construction Materials (EPSRC)
- 2023-2026: New processing technology to convert waste products into a valuable additive for cement and concrete (Green Lithium Ltd.)
- 2023-2028: Centre of Expertise for Thermal and Immobilisation (Sellafield Ltd.)
- 2023-2027: Decarbonising Construction: Understanding the Chemistry and Engineering of Low-Carbon Alkali-Activated Cements (EPSRC Industrial CASE PhD studentship w/ DB Group (Holdings) Ltd)
- 2023-2027: Solidification routes for encapsulation of radioiodine (GREEN CDT EPSRC PhD studentship w/ National Nuclear Laboratory)
- 2022-2024: Efflorescence control of geopolymer cements (Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Partnership w/ Tremco Construction Products Group)
- 2022-2026: Novel Superplasticising Additives to Enhance the Performance of Low Carbon Cements for a Net Zero Future (Energy Institute EPSRC DTP PhD studentship)
- 2022-2026: Understanding cement-superplasticiser interactions in geopolymer encapsulants for safe disposal of radioactive waste (EPSRC Industrial CASE PhD studentship w/ Sellafield Ltd)
- 2022-2026: Understanding cement-superplasticiser interactions in blended Portland cement wasteforms (Nuclear Decommissioning Authority PhD studentship)
- 2021-2025: Next-generation low-carbon cement wasteforms for safe disposal of radioactive waste (GREEN CDT EPSRC PhD studentship w/ Sellafield Ltd)
- 2021-2025: Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable Cement (Energy Institute EPSRC DTP PhD studentship)
- 2021-2025: Understanding reaction mechanisms, kinetics and structural evolution in low-carbon cements (EPSRC DTP PhD studentship)
- 2021-2025: Understanding reaction mechanisms and kinetics in geopolymer wasteforms for radioactive waste disposal (GREEN CDT EPSRC PhD studentship w/ Sellafield Ltd)
- 2018-2023: Research into the development and chemistry of sustainable cement and concrete materials (Sumitomo Mitsui Construction Co Ltd)
Past grants
- 2023: Joint ROK-UK Project for the non-destructive characterization of novel wasteforms targeting C-14 solidification (National Research Foundation of Korea)
- 2023: Alternative materials for encapsulation of nuclear waste in a net zero world (NNL Game Changers) (National Nuclear Laboratory)
- 2022-2023: Development of low-carbon cement utilising waste from Al dross recycling (Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Partnership w/ Altek Europe Ltd.)
- 2021-2022: Enhancing analytical capabilities in soils for low-carbon technologies (White Rose Collaboration Fund w/ Civil Engineering, University of Leeds and Environment and Geography, University of York)
- 2020-2022: Developing additives to improve durability and engineering properties of alkali-activated materials (Innovate UK Knowledge Transfer Partnership w/ Lubrizol Ltd)
- 2020-2022: Iodine abatement in irradiated nuclear fuel recycling (Advanced Fuel Cycle Programme, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy)
- 2020-2021: C-14 abatement in irradiated nuclear fuel recycling (Advanced Fuel Cycle Programme, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy)
- Professional activities and recognition
- Associate Member, Institute of Chemical Engineers
- Affiliate Member of RILEM (Member of Technical Committees TC-267 TRM and TC-281 CCC)
- Editorial Panel Member of ICE Construction Materials
- Guest Editor, Frontiers in Built Environment
- Guest Editor, Sustainability
- Invited Expert Panel Member of Net Zero: Decarbonising Construction, UK Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology
- Invited reviewer for more than 340 international journals
- Undergraduate Teaching Award recipient, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2020
- Development Opportunity Award recipient, 2018 and 2019
- First Prize, 6th Early Career Presentation Contest, World Materials Research Institute Forum, 2018
- Dedicated Outstanding Thesis Mentor Award recipient, 2017 and 2018
- Learned Society Fund Award recipient, 2017, 2018 and 2019
- Environmental Mineralogy Group Early Career Researcher Bursary recipient, 2017
- The Deal Recognition Award recipient, 2017
- The University of Melbourne MATS scholar, 2015
- Best Tutor Award, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, 2015
- The University of Melbourne PORES scholar, 2014
- Australian Ceramic Society Bursary recipient, 2014
- Best Paper - First Prize, 34th Annual Cement and Concrete Science Conference, 2014
- Australian Research Council Special Research Centre PFPC Travel Grant recipient, 2013 and 2014
- Australian Research Council APA scholar, 2012 – 2016